Gospodarenje kukuruzovinom na obiteljskom poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Corn stover management on family farm
• Author: Ivan Smiljanović
• Mentor: Željko Jukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Željko Jukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Kovačev (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Bilandžija (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zlatko Koronc (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Field Crops, Forage and Grassland); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-03-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Kukuruz je uz rižu i pšenicu vodeća poljoprivredna kultura u svijetu. Praktično svaki dio kukuruzne biljke može se koristiti na više načina i za različite namjene. Kukuruz je izvor hrane za ljude i za životinje. U proizvodnji biogoriva može se koristiti za proizvodnju tekućih (etanol) i krutih biogoriva (peleti/briketi). Etanol se može dobiti iz zrna, ali i iz kukuruzovine koja ostaje na polju nakon berbe ili žetve kukuruza. Kukuruzovina predstavlja važan izvor organske tvari te ima važan utjecaj na biološka, kemijska i fizikalna svojstva tla. Biomasa poljoprivrednog porijekla, pa tako i kukuruzovina, vrlo je prihvatljivo gorivo s gledišta utjecaja na okoliš.
Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je odrediti mogućnosti prikupljanja kukuruzovine s određene površine pri različitim gustoćama sjetve hibrida kukuruza P9903 i primjenom strojeva koji se koriste na OPG-u za prikupljanje nadzemne mase poljoprivrednih kultura u polju. Sakupljanje je obavljeno prešom za valjkaste bale s pick-up uređajem na tri različita načina: (I) prešanje (II) sakupljanje u zbojeve + prešanje i (III) malĉiranje + sakupljanje u zbojeve + prešanje. Prinos kukuruzovine bio je u rasponu od 12.389 kg/ha do 13.118 kg/ha. Uĉinkovitost sakupljanja se razlikovala i kretala u rasponu od 49% do 78% ovisno o načinu sakupljanja.

Abstract (english)

Corn is with rice and wheat the leading agricultural culture in the world. Practically every part of the corn plant can be used in a variety of ways and for different purposes. Corn is a source of food for humans and animals. In the production of biofuels, corn can be used for the production of liquid (ethanol) and solid biofuels (pellets / briquettes). Ethanol can be obtained from corn grain but also from corn stover, which remains on the field after harvest of corn. Corn stover represents an important source of organic matter and has an important influence on the biological, chemical and physical properties of the soil and should not be regarded as waste. Biomass of agricultural origin, as well as corn stover, is highly acceptable fuel from the standpoint of environmental impact.
The aim of this graduate thesis is to determine the possibilities of collecting corn stover from a certain area at different plant population densities of corn hybrid P9903 with machinery used on the family farm for collecting aboveground mass in the field. Collection was performed with round baler with pick-up device in three different scenarios: (I) baling, (II) collecting in windrows + baling and (III) mulching + collection in windrows + baling. Corn stover yield was in the range of 12,389 to 13,118 kg / ha. Collection efficiency was from 49 to 78% depending about collection scenarios.

• Keywords: biomasa; žetveni indeks; sakupljanje
• Keywords (english): biomass; harvest index; collecting
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:112385
• Study programme: Title: Agricultural Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka poljoprivredne tehnike (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka poljoprivredne tehnike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-03-29 08:15:26