Sadržaj bioaktivnih spojeva triju varijeteta bosiljka uzgojenog u tlu i plutajućem hidroponu

master's thesis

• Title (english): The bioactive compounds content of three basil varieties grown in soil and in floating system
• Author: Magdalena Poštek
• Mentor: Jana Šic Žlabur (mentor)
• Committee member: Jana Šic Žlabur (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sandra Voća (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivanka Žutić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Radman (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Agricultural Technology, Storage and Transport); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Bosiljak je jedna od najpopularnijih aromaticnih zacinskih vrsta. Kao vecina zacina zbog
bogatog sadržaja etericnih ulja i sekundarnih biljnih metabolita (polifenolni spojevi) ispoljava
znacajno antioksidativno djelovanje. Varijeteti bosiljka pokazuju veliku morfološku i
kemijsku raznolikost s obzirom na obojanost (crvenolisni i zelenolisni varijeteti), krupnocu
listova (krupnolisni i sitnolisni varijeteti) te aromu. Bosiljak se vecinom uzgaja u tlu, no isto
tako cest je hidroponski uzgoj u zašticenom prostoru, koji omogucuje dulji period
proizvodnje. Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi razlike u nutritivnom i kemijskom sastavu triju
razlicitih varijeteta bosiljka O. basilicum var. basilicum, cv. 'Genovese', sitnolisni O.
basilicum var. minimum, cv. 'Minimum' te ljubicasti O. basilicum var. purpurascens, cv. 'Dark
Opal' ovisno o nacinu uzgoja (konvencionalno u tlu i u plutajucem hidroponu). Takoer, cilj
je bio utvrditi i morfološke karakteristike razlicitih varijeteta bosiljka ovisno o nacinu uzgoja.
Najveca masa nadzemnog dijela, visina biljke, dužina i širina lista te prinos utvreni su za
varijetet 'Genovese' i tijekom uzgoja na tlu i hidroponu. Prinos tijekom uzgoja u tlu i sustavu
plutajuceg hidropona znacajno se razlikovao za sve istraživane varijetete bosiljka te je u
prosjeku tijekom uzgoja u hidroponu utvrena cak 20 puta veca vrijednost prinosa za sve
varijetete u usporedbi s uzgojem istih varijeteta u tlu. Najveci sadržaj suhe tvari utvren je za
varijetet 'Minimum', najviši sadržaj ukupnih kiselina za varijetet 'Dark Opal' (tlo), a najviša
pH vrijednost kod varijeteta 'Minimum' tijekom uzgoja u hidroponu. Od istraživanih
bioaktivnih spojeva, najviši sadržaj vitamina C utvren je za varijetet 'Dark Opal' neovisno o
nacinu uzgoja. Znacajno viši sadržaj ukupnih fenola utvren je za sve varijetete bosiljka
uzgojene u tlu i to za cak dva puta u usporedbi s varijetetima uzgojenim u sustavu plutajuceg
hidropona. Znacajno vece vrijednosti ukupnih klorofila, karotenoida i antocijana utvrene su
tijekom uzgoja u hidroponu za sve istraživane varijetete bosiljka. Temeljem analize svih
bioaktivnih spojeva bosiljka, vece vrijednosti antioksidacijskog kapaciteta utvrene su za
uzorke bosiljka uzgojene u tlu.

Abstract (english)

Basil is one of the most popular aromatic herbs. As most herbs due to the rich levels of
essential oil and other secondary plant metabolites (polyphenols) shows significant
antioxidant activity. Basil cultivars shows great morphologically and chemical diversity due
to the color (red and green leaf), leaf size (big and small leaves) and aroma. Basil is mostly
grown in soil, but often is grown hydroponically in greenhouse which allows longer
producing period. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences of nutritional and
chemical composition of three basil cultivars: O. basilicum var. basilicum, cv. 'Genovese',
sitnolisni O. basilicum var. minimum, cv. 'Minimum' te ljubicasti O. basilicum var.
purpurascens, cv. 'Dark Opal' depending on growing method (conventional in soil and
floating system). Also, the aim was to determine the morphological characteristics of different
basil varieties depending on growing method. The highest biomass, planth hight, length, wide
of leaf and yield was determined for variety 'Genovese' during growing in soil and
hydroponics. The yield during the cultivation in the soil and in the floating system
significantly differed for all the analyzed basil varieties and on average during the cultivation
in hydroponics was determined even 20 times higher yield compared to the cultivation of the
same varieties in the soil. The highest dry matter content was determined for variety
'Minimum', the highest total acid content for 'Dark Opal' (soil) and pH value for 'Minimum'
grown hydroponically. From the analyzed bioactive compounds, the highest vitamin C
content was determined for 'Dark Opal' regardless of growing. Significantly higher content of
total phenolic compounds was determined for all basil varieties grown in soil compared with
varieties grown hidroponically. According to the results of pigment content, significantly
higher values of total chlorophylls, carotenoids and anthocyanins was determined for all basil
varieties grown in hydroponics. Based on the results of bioactive compounds content, higher
values of antioxidant capacity was determined for basil varieties grown in soil.

• Keywords: plutajuci hidropon; vitamin C; fenoli; antocijani; antioksdacijski kapacitet
• Keywords (english): floating system; vitamin C; phenols; anthocyanins; antioxidant capacity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:614945
• Study programme: Title: Horticulture; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2017-12-05 12:42:29