Uporabna vrijednost i uzgojni potencijal smrdljike (Pistacia terebinthus L.)

Professional paper - Professional paper

• Title (english): Use value and breeding potential of terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus L.)
• Author: Nina Jeran
• Author: Martina Grdiša
• Author: Tamara Raguž
• Author: Frane Strikić https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-0632
• Author: Filip Varga
• Author: Tatjana Klepo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7174-8866
• Author's institution: University of Split; (University Department of Marine Studies)
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract (croatian)

Pistacia terebinthus L. ili smrdljika je listopadni grm ili nisko stablo iz porodice Anacardiaceae. Autohtona je vrsta Mediterana, a u Hrvatskoj je široko rasprostranjena od Istre, preko Hrvatskog primorja, Dalmacije, Dalmatinske zagore do krajnjeg juga. Kserofitna je vrsta, koja raste na osunčanim položajima u makijama i šikarama eumediteranske i submediteranske zone na suhim, toplim, kamenitim i stjenovitim mjestima. Na području prirodne rasprostranjenosti tradicionalno se koristila u prehrani, kao i u liječenju mnogih zdravstvenih tegoba, kao što su respiratorne i urinarne infekcije, želučane tegobe, reumatizam, itd. U novije vrijeme, analize kemijskog sastava vrste upućuju na znatan sadržaj mnogobrojnih aktivnih sastojaka visoke nutritivne vrijednosti i ljekovitog djelovanja (npr. eterična ulja, proteini, tanini, nezasićene masne kiseline, flavonoidi), a najpoznatija je po sadržaju smole iz koje se izdvaja terpentin. Zbog veće otpornosti na sušu, temperaturne ekstreme, bolesti i štetnike te s obzirom na rasprostranjenost na našem području, smrdljika ima najveći potencijal kao podloga za cijepljenje prave tršlje ili pistacije (P. vera L.), cijenjene zbog svojih plodova, što danas predstavlja upotrebu od najvećeg gospodarskog značaja, a prvi nasadi već se podižu u srednjoj Dalmaciji. Najčešći način cijepljenja je okuliranje koje se provodi na dobro razvijenim dvogodišnjim podlogama smrdljike. Izvjesni problem koji se javlja kod proizvodnje podloga je niska klijavost sjemena smrdljike zbog fiziološke i fizikalne dormantnosti, partenokarpije i abortiranja sjemenki. Dostupna znanstvena i stručna literatura kao i rezultati preliminarnih terenskih istraživanja upućuju na postojanje velikog potencijala upotrebe smrdljike u agronomiji, šumarstvu, farmaciji i prehrambenoj industriji.

Abstract (english)

Pistacia terebinthus L. or terebinth is a deciduous shrub or low tree from the Anacardiaceae family. It is a native species of the Mediterranean region. In Croatia it is widespread from Istria through the Croatian coast, Dalmatia and Dalmatian Zagora to the extreme south. It is a xerophytic species that grows in sunny places in maquis and thickets of the eu-Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean zone on dry, warm, stony, and rocky terrains. In its natural range it has traditionally been used as food and for the treatment of numerous health problems such as respiratory and urinary infections, stomach problems, rheumatism etc. Recently, analyzes of its chemical composition indicate that it contains numerous active ingredients with high nutritional value and medicinal effects (essential oils, proteins, tannins, unsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, tannins). The terebinth plants are especially known for their resin content, from which turpentine is extracted. Due to its greater resistance to drought, temperature extremes, diseases and pests, and considering its widespread distribution in Croatia, P. terebinthus has the greatest potential as a rootstock for grafting pistachio (P. vera L.), valued for the fruits. The first plantations of. P. vera are already being established in Central Dalmatia. The most common grafting method is chip budding, which is carried out on well-developed biennial rootstocks. A certain problem encountered in rootstock production is the low germination rate of P. terebinthus seeds due to physiological and physical dormancy, parthenocarpy and seed abortion. The available scientific and professional literature, as well as the results of preliminary field research, indicate great potential for the use of P. terebinthus in agronomy, forestry, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries.

• Keywords (croatian): pistacija; tršlja; dormantnost; smola; terpentin; oplemenjivanje
• Keywords (english): pistachio; terebinth; dormancy; resin; turpentine; breeding
• Language: croatian
• Publication type: Professional paper - Professional paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review - domestic
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Agronomski glasnik : Glasilo Hrvatskog agronomskog društva
• Numbering: vol. 84, no. 4-5, pp. 237-256
• p-ISSN: 0002-1954
• e-ISSN: 1848-8900
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.33128/ag.84.4-5.5
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:969640
• Publication: 2022
• Document URL: https://hrcak.srce.hr/304031
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-01-17 11:00:03