Molekularne metode detekcije i identifikacije štetnika u zaštiti bilja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Molecular methods for pests detection and identification used in plant protection
• Author: Vanja Smiljanić
• Mentor: Maja Čačija (mentor)
• Committee member: Maja Čačija (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dinka Grubišić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tanja Gotlin Čuljak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Agricultural Zoology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Štetnici predstavljaju velik izazov za poljoprivredu jer smanjuju prinose i kvalitetu usjeva, prenose bolesti, utječu na globalnu dostupnost hrane i prihode poljoprivrednika. Praćenje štetnika i njihova pravilna identifikacija najvažniji su preduvjeti za uspješnu integriranu zaštitu bilja. U svrhu uspješne procjene rizika od štetnika, te posljedično i njihovog suzbijanja, važno je osigurati brzu, ekonomičnu i točnu detekciju i identifikaciju štetnika. Velik broj klasičnih metoda detekcije i identifikacije nezamjenjive su i dandanas, no ne garantiraju apsolutnu točnost i često su fizički i vremenski zahtjevnije. Molekularne metode sve se više koriste u detekciji i proučavanju biljnih štetnika, jer omogućuju bržu, osjetljiviju i kvantitativniju detekciju ciljanog organizma. One se temelje na analizi genomske ili genetičke građe te omogućuju bolje razumijevanje i upravljanje populacijama štetnih kukaca, otkrivanje genetskih varijacija i istraživanje rezistentnosti na pesticide. Metode su visoko osjetljive i omogućuju brzu identifikaciju u malim količinama, čime se smanjuje rizik od pogrešne identifikacije vrsta. Unatoč prednostima, ove metode su skuplje zbog potrebe za specijaliziranom opremom te zahtijevaju visoku stručnost za primjenu i analizu rezultata.

Abstract (english)

Pests present a significant challenge to agriculture by reducing crop yields and quality, spreading diseases, affecting global food availability, and impacting farmers' incomes. Monitoring pests and their correct identification are the most important prerequisites for successful integrated plant protection. To successfully assess the risk of pests, and consequently their suppression, it is important to ensure fast, economical and accurate detection and identification of pests. Many classic methods of detection and identification are indispensable even today, but they do not guarantee absolute accuracy and are often physically and time-consuming. Molecular methods are increasingly used in the detection and study of plant pests, as they enable faster, more sensitive and more quantitative detection of the target organism. They are based on the analysis of genomic or genetic material and enable a better understanding and management of populations of harmful insects, detection of genetic variations and research on resistance to pesticides. The methods are highly sensitive and enable rapid identification in small quantities, reducing the risk of misidentifying species. Despite their advantages, these methods are more expensive due to the need for specialized equipment and require high expertise for application and analysis of results.

• Keywords: detekcija; identifikacija; molekularne metode; rezistentnost; štetnici
• Keywords (english): pest; molecular methods; detection; identification; resistance
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:882948
• Study programme: Title: Plant Protection; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka zaštite bilja (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka zaštite bilja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-27 08:11:15