Morfološki sterilitet autohtonih sorata maslina na otoku Ugljanu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Morfological sterility of nativ cultivars olive from island Ugljan
• Author: Matija Ricov
• Mentor: Đani Benčić (mentor)
• Committee member: Đani Benčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Ljubičić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Kisić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Pomology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Područje otoka Ugljana poznato je po višetisućljetnom uzgoju i preradi maslina.
Još od antičkih vremena glasovita je kvaliteta maslinovih ulja s ovoga otoka. I danas na otoku ima oko 300.000 stabala maslina. Na Ugljanu nalazimo autohtone sorte koje nisu determinirane i detaljno morfološki opisane, stoga je cilj i svrha ovoga rada istražiti svojstvo morfološkog steriliteta kod pet autohtonih otočkih sorti: karbunčela, puljka, puljižica, oštrica i drobnica. Unatoč toj višetisućljetnoj tradiciji uzgoja masline, svojstvo morfološkog steriliteta kao fenomen počeo se istraživati tek u XX. stoljeću. Naime, istraživanja su pokazala kako udio uvenulih i odbačenih cvjetova u fazi cvatnje izravno utječe na broj plodova koji će dosegnuti zrelost za berbu. Istraživanja koja su obavljenu u ovom radu odrađena su u dva navrata i to s razlogom što neke od sorata cvjetaju ranije, a neke nešto kasnije. Dana 18. i 19. svibnja 2016.godine uzeti su uzorci za analizu sorata: karbunčela, puljka i drobnica dok su uzorci sorata oštrica i puljižica uzeti za analizu 29. svibnja 2016. godine. Uzorci su uzeti sa četiri stabla od svake sorte na različitim lokalitetima na otoku odnosno po 25 cvatova od svakoga stabla, i to na južnom obodnom dijelu, što znači stotinu uzoraka za svaku sortu kako bismo imali što relevantnije podatke. Zatim je izmjerena duljina cvata i određen udio funkcionalno muških cvjetova pomoću čega je utvrđen morfološki sterilitet za svaku sortu. Rezultati su pokazali kako postoje značajnije razlike u udjelu funkcionalno muških cvjetova između sorata. Sorta karbunčela imala je nešto manje od 20% muških cvjetova, sorte puljka, puljižica imale su oko trećinu funkcionalno muških cvjetova. Kod sorte oštrice nešto manje od polovice bili su funkcionalno muški, dok je sorta drobnica, koja se koristi kao oprašivač, imala 75 % funkcionalno muških cvjetova.

Abstract (english)

The island of Ugljan area is famous for its millenia-old olive growing and processing. Since ancient times the quality of olive oils from the island has been well-known. Even today there are about 300 000 olive trees on the island. There are autochthonous varieties on the island, which are not determined and morphologically described in detail, so the aim of this paper is to research the characteristic of morphological sterility in five indigenous island varieties: karbunčela, puljka, puljižica, oštrica and drobnica. In spite of millenia-old tradition of olive growing, the characteristic of morphological sterility as a phenomenon started to be researched only in 20th century. Namely, research has shown that the percentage of wilted and fallen flowers during the blooming period has a direct impact on the number of fruits that will reach harvest time. Research done and described in this paper was carried out at two intervals owing to the fact that some varieties bloom earlier and some later. On 18th and 19th May samples were taken for analysis of varieties karbunčela, puljka and drobnica and on 29th May samples were taken for varieties oštrica and puljižica. The samples were taken from four trees of each variety on different sites of the island, namely 25 flowers from each tree, from the southern circumferential part of the tree. So we had a hundred samples from each variety in order to get more relevant data. Next, the length of blooming was measured, the precentage of functionally male flowers was determined and consequently morphological sterility for each variety was established. The results have shown that there are significant differences in the percentage of male flowers between different varieties. Karbunčela variety had a little less than 20% of male flowers, varieties puljka and puljižica had about one third of functionally male flowers. Oštrica variety had a little less than a half functionally male flowers, while drobnica variety, which is used as a pollinator, had 75% of functionally male flowers.

• Keywords: maslina; Ugljan; morfološki sterilitet
• Keywords (english): Ugljan; olive; morphological sterility
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:702945
• Study programme: Title: Organic Agriculture with Agrotourism; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekološke poljoprivrede i agroturizma (magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekološke poljoprivrede i agroturizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-07-25 07:11:13