Ekonomska opravdanost korištenja žetvenih ostataka za unaprjeđenje dohotka

master's thesis

• Author: Ivan Bavrka
• Mentor: Branka Šakić Bobić (mentor)
• Committee member: Branka Šakić Bobić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lari Hadelan (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željko Jukić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Management and Rural Entrepreneurship); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-03-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

S obzirom na rastući interes i potencijal, kako u svijetu tako i kod nas, za proizvodnju energije iz biomase kako bi se smanjila ovisnost o nafti i smanjilo zagađenje okoliša, postoji potreba pravljenja izračuna kako bi se ekonomski opravdalo korištenje žetvenih ostataka za unaprjeđenje dohotka poljoprivrednika. Većina poljoprivrednika u RH ne razumije važnost uključivanja troškova iznešenih hranjiva u cijenu koštanja žetvenih ostataka, niti su upoznati sa udjelom mase žetvenog ostatka koja se smije odstraniti sa polja bez dugoročnih štetnih posljedica na fizikalno – kemijska svojstva tla. Ovaj diplomski rad prikazuje način formiranja cijene koštanja prešane kukuruzovine i pčenične slame, ali i dostupne količine kukuruzovine i slame u Kontinentalnoj Hrvatskoj na temelju prosječne proizvodnje zrna kukuruza i pšenice, omjera zrna i žetvenog ostatka te efikasnosti sakupljanja, za razdoblje 2011. – 2015. Cijena koštanja žetvenih ostataka zbroj je troškova iznešenih hranjiva i troškova mehanizacije i ljudskog rada za operacije prešanje te operaciju pomicanja i slaganja bala na parceli. Za potrebe izračuna korišten je traktor snage 99 kW i preša za valjčaste bale mase oko 250 kg te traktor snage 55 kW sa prednjim utovarivačem. Cijena koštanja kilograma kukuruzovine iznosi 0,23 HRK, a kilograma pšenične slame 0,19 HRK. Dohodak od prodaje kukuruzovine po jednom hektaru ide od 210 – 810 HRK, a za slamu od 256 – 724 HRK, ovisno o prodajnoj cijeni.

Abstract (english)

Considering global growing interest and potential for biomass energy production as an alternative to foreign imported oil and as a method of reducing environment pollution, there is a demand for making calculations for the economic evaluation of using crop residues for increasing income. Most farmers in Croatia have no understanding of the importance of including nutrient removal cost into crop residue cost. Moreover, they are not acquainted with the precise residue share that can be removed from the field without any long-term adverse effects on the physical and chemical soil properties.This thesis suggests a way of generating cost for baled corn stover and baled wheat straw. It also presents available quantities of corn stover and wheat straw in Continental Croatia for the 2011 – 2015 period, based on average corn and wheat grain production, grain to residue ratio and harvest efficiency. The cost price of baled crop residues is the sum of the cost of removed nutrients and the cost of machine and labor required for balling and roadsiding operations. For the purposes of calculation, a 130 hp tractor with round baler for 250 kg bales and a 75 hp tractor with a front loader were used. The cost for 1 kg of corn stover is 0,23 HRK and cost for 1 kg of wheat straw is 0,19 HRK. The income of corn stover sales fluctuates from 210 to 810 HRK/ha, while for wheat straw sales it varies from 256 to 724 HRK/ha, depending on selling price.

• Keywords: kukuruzovina; slama; troškovi; dohodak; dostupne količine
• Keywords (english): corn stover; wheat straw; cost; income; available quantities
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:065799
• Study programme: Title: Agribusiness and Rural Development; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agrobiznisa i ruralnog razvitka (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agrobiznisa i ruralnog razvitka)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-03-27 06:29:01