Raznolikost podzemnih gljiva roda Tuber (tartufi) u Nacionalnom parku Brijuni

master's thesis

• Title (english): Diversity of hypogeous fungi of the genus Tuber (truffles) in Brijuni National Park
• Author: Anita Džaja
• Mentor: Nataša Hulak (mentor)
• Mentor: Armin Mešić (komentor)
• Committee member: Snježana Topolovec-Pintarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nataša Hulak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sandro Bogdanović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Microbiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

U radu je prikazan teorijski okvir i pregled literature o bioraznolikosti podzemnih gljiva roda Tuber. Ukratko su opisana glavna biogeografska obilježja Nacionalnog parka Brijuni na kojem je provedeno terensko istraživanje. Prikazane su glavne karakteristike carstva gljiva, s posebnim naglaskom na tartufe. U istraživačkom dijelu rada analizirana je DNA 14 uzoraka gljiva roda Tuber pronađenih na otoku Veli Brijun kako bi se izvršila njihova precizna identifikacija na razini vrste i taksonomska klasifikacija unutar roda. Iz suhih uzoraka tartufa izolirana je DNA, nakon čega je PCR metodom amplificirana ITS rDNA genska regija kao primarna DNA barkod sekvenca za gljive. Kvaliteta izolirane DNA bila je visoka te se ITS genska regija uspješno amplificirala. Pročišćeni PCR produkti sekvencirani su Sangerovom metodom, a dobivene sekvence. uspoređene su pomoću BLAST algoritma s najsličnijim sekvencama u NCBI bazi podataka. Rezultati BLAST analize potvrdili su prijašnja istraživanja koja su utvrdila značajan broj pogrešno identificiranih sekvenci gljiva u NCBI bazi. Usporedba rezultata identifikacije uzoraka plodišta iz roda Tuber na temelju makromorfoloških karaktera i molekularnih podataka (BLAST i filogenetska analiza) ukazala je na potrebu za provedbom cjelovite filogenetske analize u svrhu preciznije identifikacije vrsta i utvrđivanja srodstvenih odnosa unutar roda. Makromorfološkim i molekularno-filogenetskim analizama 14 uzoraka tartufa sakupljenih na području otoka Veli Brijun identificirano je ukupno osam vrsta: T. aestivum, T. borchii, T. brumale, T. excavatum, T. ferrugineum, T. oligospermum, T. puberulum, te T. zambonelliae. U ovom radu su vrste T. ferrugineum i T. zambonelliae po prvi puta potvrđene za područje Hrvatske na temelju molekularnih karaktera. Rezultati istraživanja pridonijet će boljem razumijevanju raznolikosti i rasprostranjenosti gljiva iz roda Tuber u Hrvatskoj te njihovoj zaštiti.

Abstract (english)

The paper presents a theoretical framework and a review of the literature on the biodiversity of hypogeous fungi from the genus Tuber. The main biogeographical features of the Brijuni National Park, where the field research was conducted, are briefly described. The main characteristics of the kingdom of Fungi are presented, with a special emphasis on truffles.
In the research section of the paper, DNA from 14 fungal samples from the genus Tuber found on the island of Veli Brijun were analyzed to perform precise identification at species level and taxonomic classification within the genus. DNA was isolated from dry truffle samples, after which the ITS rDNA gene region was amplified using PCR as the primary DNA barcode sequence for fungi. The quality of the isolated DNA was high, and the ITS gene region was successfully amplified. The purified PCR products were sequenced using the Sanger method, and the obtained sequences were compared using the BLAST algorithm with the most similar sequences in the NCBI database. The BLAST analysis results confirmed previous research that identified a significant number of misidentified fungal sequences in the NCBI database. The comparison of the identification results of Tuber samples based on macromorphological characters and molecular data (BLAST and phylogenetic analysis) indicated the need for comprehensive phylogenetic analysis to achieve more precise species identification and determine the relationships within the genus. Macromorphological and molecular-phylogenetic analyses of 14 truffle samples collected on the island of Veli Brijun identified a total of eight species: T. aestivum, T. borchii, T. brumale, T. excavatum, T. ferrugineum, T. oligospermum, T. puberulum, and T. zambonelliae. In this study, T. ferrugineum and T. zambonelliae were confirmed for the first time in Croatia based on molecular characteristics. The research results will contribute to a better understanding of the diversity and distribution of fungi from the genus Tuber in Croatia and their conservation.

• Keywords: bioraznolikost; gljive; integrativna taksonomija; ITS rDNA; Nacionalni park Brijuni; rod Tuber
• Keywords (english): biodiversity; fungi; integrative taxonomy; ITS rDNA; Brijuni National Park; genus Tuber
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:262406
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2025-09-27
• Created on: 2024-10-25 11:32:03