Utjecaj gnojidbe na kvalitetu sadnog materijala masline Olea europaea L., sorte Oblica

master's thesis

• Author: Višeslav Glavinović
• Mentor: Lepomir Čoga (mentor)
• Committee member: Lepomir Čoga (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirjana Herak Ćustić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Đani Benčić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Plant Nutrition); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Premda je interes istraživača za maslinu star vjerojatno koliko i tisućljetni uzgoj masline, znanja o ishrani masline, a pogotovo o njenom utjecaju na rast i razvoj te kvalitetu sadnog materijala, još uvijek su nedostatna. Kako uzgoj sadnica u kontenjerima traje od 12 do 18 mjeseci, tijekom uzgoja uz sve neophodne agrotehničke zahvate potrebno je osigurati optimalnu ishranjenost sadnog materijala kao preduvjet u postizanju fiziološke ravnoteže. Količine i vrste hraniva, te njihovi odnosi trebaju biti prilagođeni sorti, biljno hranidbenom kapacitetu uzgojnog supstrata te dinamici drugih biotičkih i abiotičkih čimbenika. U postizanju ovog cilja postoje različiti pristupi. Jedni kao polaznu osnovu za određivanje vrsta i količina gnojiva uzimaju samo analizu supstrata, drugi analizu biljnog materijala. Međutim, ispravan je samo onaj put koji uz rezultate analize supstrata te biljnog materijala valorizira i kvalitetu sadnog materijala.
Da bi se omogućila proizvodnja kvalitetnijeg sadnog materijala te utvrdile optimalne vrste i količine gnojiva te način primjene gnojiva u proizvodnji sadnog materijala najzastupljenije hrvatske sorte masline „Oblica“ postavljen je gnojidbeni pokus na ukorjenjenim reznicama masline starosti tri mjeseca u loncima, po „Latinskom kvadratu“ sa sedam (7) gnojidbenih tretmana u sedam (7) ponavljanja. Tijekom pokusa je tri puta analiziran supstrat, dva puta biljni materijal (listovi) te pet puta procijeđeni perkolat iz lonaca.
Rezultati pokazuju da su svi primjenjeni tretmani u pokusu polučili viši rast biljaka (osim tretmana Fer3) u odnosu na Kontrolu. Utvrđene su statistički visokosignifikantne razlike u količini N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn i Cu u suhoj tvari lišća između tretmana, dok su signifikantne razlike između tretmana utvrđene za količinu Mg i Zn u suhoj tvari lišća. Utvrđene koncentracije nitrata, kalija i klorida u perkolatu nisu prelazile maksimalnu dopuštenu koncentraciju propisanu Pravilnikom o parametrima sukladnosti i metodama analize vode za ljudsku potrošnju (NN 125/2013) što ukazuje da ne postoji negativan utjecaj na onečišćenje podzemnih i površinskih voda navedenim ionima.

Abstract (english)

The researchers' interest for the olive tree is probably as old as the millennial olive cultivation is. In spite of that, the knowlege about olive nutrient needs, especially about its impact on growth, development and the quality of planting material, are still insufficient. Since the container olive nursery plant production takes 12 to 18 months with all the necessary agro-tehnical operations, it's important to ensure optimal nutrient status of the seedlings as a perequisite for achiving physiological balance during that period. The types and amounts of nutrients and their relations should be adjusted to cultivar, plant nutrient capacity of the breeding substratum and dynamics of other biotic and abiotic factors. There are different approaches for achieving these goals. Some people take substrate analysis as a starting point for determining types and amounts of fertilizers, while others take plant material analysis. However, the right approach are not only supstrate and plant material analysis but also valorization of planting material quality.
The fertilization experiment was set on three-months old rooted olive cuttings growen in pots. The main goal of the experiment was to enable the production of planting material of good quality and determine the optimal types and amounts of fertilizers and the method of their application in the plant material production of Croatian most common cultivar „Oblica“. The experiment was designed as a „Latin square“ with seven (7) fertilizer treatments in seven (7) repetitions. During the experiment the substrate was analyzed three times, the plant material (leaves) twice and leachate (from pots) five times.
Results showed that all the treatmens applied in the experiment caused higher plant growth (except Fer3 treatment) in relation to Control. There were a highly significant differences between treatments in the leaf dry matter content of N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu, while there were significant differences between treatments in the leaf dry matter content of Mg and Zn. Nitrate, potassium and chloride concentrations in leachates have not exceeded the maximum allowed concentration prescribed by the Pravilnik o parametrima sukladnosti i metodama analize vode za ljudsku potrošnju (NN 125/2013), which indicates that there is no negative impact on the pollution of ground and surface waters regarding above-mentioned iones.

• Keywords: maslina; sadni materijal; gnojidba; perkolat
• Keywords (english): olive tree; planting material; fertilization; leachate
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:826408
• Study programme: Title: Horticulture; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2016-12-12 08:04:11