Revolucija i evolucija kemijske metode zaštite bilja

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Title (english): Revolution and evolution of chemical pest control
• Author: Renata Bažok
• Author: Bogdan Cvjetković
• Author: Zvonimir Ostojić
• Author: Klara Barić
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract (croatian)

Suzbijanje štetnih organizama na uzgajanim biljkama staro je kao i poljoprivredna proizvodnja. Do sredine 20. stoljeća kemijska su se sredstva sporadično primjenjivala, a suzbijanje se zasnivalo na primjeni nekemijskih metoda suzbijanja. U radu je ukratko prikazana povijest zaštite od štetnih organizama. Revolucionarni razvoj kemijske metode zaštite bilja koji je otpočeo s razvojem prvih pesticida (DDT, 2,4-D i drugi) pridonio je „zelenoj revoluciji” i omogućio osiguranje dostatnih količina hrane za rastuće svjetsko stanovništvo. Usporedo s revolucionarnim razvojem kemijskih sredstava za zaštitu bilja u radu je prikazana i evolucija spoznaja o njihovoj toksičnosti i nepovoljnu utjecaju na čovjeka, okoliš i neciljane organizme. Prikazane su skupine insekticida, fungicida i herbicida koje su se razvijale tijekom vremena te dolazile na tržište kao zamjena. Gledajući duže razdoblje, evolucija kemijske metode zaštite bilja ogleda se u nekoliko specifičnih promjena koje uključuju: (I) smanjenje doza primjene, (II) više ekoloških studija u procesu registracije, (III) smanjenje toksičnosti i poboljšana biorazgradivosti (IV) povećana potražnja za sredstvima za tretiranje sjemena i (V) više studija o socijalnom utjecaju.

Abstract (english)

Pest control on cultivated plants is as old as agricultural production. Until the mid-20th century, chemical agents were sporadically applied, and suppression was based on the use of non-chemical methods. The paper briefly presents the history of protection against harmful organisms. The revolutionary development of plant protection chemicals, which began with the development of the first plant protection chemicals (DDT, 2,4-D and others), contributed to the "green revolution" and made it possible to provide sufficient food for the growing world population. Along with the revolution of the plant protection products, the evolution of the knowledge about their
toxicity and adverse effect on humans, the environment and non-target organisms is presented in the paper. Groups of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides that have evolved over time and have been marketed as a replacement are shown. Looking over the long term, the evolution of the chemical method of plant protection is reflected in several specific changes that include: (i) reduced application doses, (ii) more environmental studies in the registration process, (iii) reduced toxicity and improved biodegradability (iv) increased demand for seed treatments and (v) more social impact studies.

• Keywords (croatian): povijest, insekticidi, fungicidi, herbicidi
• Language: croatian
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Glasilo biljne zaštite
• Numbering: vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 346-377
• p-ISSN: 1332-9545
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:397953
• Publication: 2020
• Document URL: https://hrcak.srce.hr/237217
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-03-11 11:14:31