Biologija, ekologija i suzbijanje korovne vrste divlja zob (Avena fatua L.)

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Title (english): Biology, ecology and managment of wild oat (Avena fatua L.)
• Author: Valentina Šoštarčić
• Author: Tina Rakonić
• Author: Zvonimir Ostojić
• Author: Maja Šćepanović
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Biology
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract (croatian)

Divlja zob (Avena fatua L.) jednogodišnja je monokotiledona biljna vrsta i jedan od deset najnapasnijih korova umjerenih poljoprivrednih regija. Preferira umjerenu i hladnu klimu te teška glinena tla. Zakorovljuje strne žitarice te, ovisno o vremenu nicanja i brojnosti, može uzrokovati smanjenje prinosa za više od 70 %. Minimalna temperatura za nicanje iznosi 0,4 do 2,0 °C, što joj omogućuje nicanje u hladnim mjesecima. U povoljnim uvjetima može proizvesti i preko 6000 sjemenaka po biljci. Dormantnost sjemena u tlu može biti i do devet godina, no četiri do pet godina nakon dozrijevanja svojstvo dormantnosti najčešće se gubi. Sjeme divlje zobi posjeduje dva tipa dormantnosti, endogenu, uzrokovanu dormantnošću embrija i egzogenu, uzrokovanu nepropusnošću dijelova pšena. Osim izravnog utjecaja na prinos, divlja zob luči alelopatske spojeve koji inhibiraju rast drugih biljaka, a njihova razina u tlu varira ovisno o zrelosti biljke. Domaćin je brojnim štetnim kukcima, poput lisnih ušiju koje prenose virus žute kržljavosti ječma (BYDV). Prije pojave divlje zobi treba primjenjivati preventivne mjere, a u usjevu koristiti registrirane herbicidne pripravke različita mehanizma djelovanja.

Abstract (english)

Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) is an annual monocotyledonous plant species and one of the ten most dangerous weeds of temperate agricultural regions. It prefers temperate and cold climates and heavy clay soils. It attacks winter cereals and can cause yield reductions of more than 70%, depending on the time of germination and emergence. The base temperature is 0.4-2.0 °C, so it can germinate in the cold months. Under favorable conditions it can produce over 6000 seeds per plant. Seed dormancy in the soil is up to nine years, but dormancy is usually lost four to five years after maturation. Wild oat seeds have two types of dormancy: endogenous dormancy caused by embryonic dormancy, and exogenous dormancy caused by impermeability of parts of the caryopsis. In addition to a direct effect on yield, wild oat secretes allelopathic compounds that inhibit the growth of other plants, and their content in the soil varies according to the maturity of the plant. It is a host of numerous insect pests, such as aphids that transmit yellow barley virus (BYDV). When controlling wild oat, preventive measures must first be taken to prevent its occurrence in the crop. In vegetation, some of the registered herbicides with different mechanisms of action must be used.

• Keywords (croatian): biologija; dormantnost; divlja zob; morfologija; strne žitarice
• Keywords (english): biology; dormancy; morphology; winter cereals; wild oat
• Language: croatian
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review - domestic
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Glasilo biljne zaštite
• Numbering: vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 549-563
• p-ISSN: 1332-9545
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:133535
• Publication: 2021
• Document URL: https://hrcak.srce.hr/267587
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-02-15 08:55:39