Utjecaj mikroorganizama na proces bioremedijacije i značaj roda Pseudomonas u bioremedijaciji

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of microorganisms on the bioremediation process and the significance of the genus Pseudomonas in bioremediation
• Author: Mateja Matić
• Mentor: Nataša Hulak (mentor)
• Committee member: Nataša Hulak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vedran Rubinić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Rajnović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Microbiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Različite grane industrije, urbanizacija i rast svjetskog stanovništva dovode do sve većeg zagađenja okoliša i narušava zdravlje ljudi i ekosustava. Onečišćujuće tvari u tlu dovode do oštećenja ili gubitka određenih funkcija i kakvoće tla. Jedna od metoda koja se koriste za sanaciju onečišćenih tala je bioremedijacija. Bioremedijacija koristi mikroorganizme da bi se smanjila koncentracija štetnih tvari u tlu, najčešće tako da ih se razgrađuje do produkata koji su manje ili nisu uopće štetni (ugljikov dioksid, vodu i biomasu).
Na uspješnost bioremedijacije tla utječu brojni okolišni čimbenici, poput vrste i aktivnosti/brojnosti mikroorganizama, temperature tla, pH tla, vrsti onečišćivača, organske tvari u tlu te sadržaj biljnih hranjiva. Upotrebom in situ i ex situ metoda bioremedijacije mogu se efikasno ukloniti anorganska i organska onečišćenja u tlu. Mikrobni enzimi su velikim dijelom zaslužni za uspješnost bioremedijacije, jer pretvaraju štetne tvari ili ih transformiraju velikom brzinom u manje štetne i okolišu prihvatljive. Vrste iz bakterijskog roda Pseudomonas imaju velik potencijal za razgradnju štetnih tvari zbog svojih fizioloških i metaboličkih aktivnosti. Uspješno uklanjaju onečišćenja koja najviše potječu iz industrije poput teških metala, pesticida i ugljikovodika.

Abstract (english)

Various branches of industry, urbanization and the growth of the world's population lead to increasing environmental pollution and damage the health of people and ecosystems. Polluting substances in the soil lead to damage or loss of certain functions and quality of the soil. One of the methods used for remediation of contaminated soils is bioremediation. Bioremediation uses microorganisms to reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the soil, usually by breaking them down to products that are less or not harmful at all (carbon dioxide, water and biomass).
The success of soil bioremediation is influenced by numerous factors, such as the type and activity/number of microorganisms, soil temperature, soil pH, type of pollutant, organic matter in the soil, and the content of plant nutrients. By using in situ and ex situ bioremediation methods, inorganic and organic pollution in the soil can be effectively removed. Microbial enzymes are largely responsible for the success of bioremediation, because they convert harmful substances or transform them at a high speed into less harmful and environmentally acceptable ones. Species from the bacterial genus Pseudomonas have a great potential for the degradation of harmful substances due to their physiological and metabolic activities. They successfully remove pollutants that mostly come from industry, such as heavy metals, pesticides and hydrocarbons.

• Keywords: bioremedijacija; onečišćenje tla; mikrobni enzimi; Pseudomonas
• Keywords (english): bioremediation; pollution; microbial enzymes; Pseudomonas
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:274185
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2023-11-08 08:11:37