| Abstract | Atmosferske lebdeće čestice promjera manjeg od 10 μm (eng. particulate matter,
PM10) jedne su od glavnih onečišćujućih tvari u zraku te utječu na zdravlje ljudi, cijelokupni
okoliš i klimu. Atmosferski materijal se suhim/gravitacijskim ili mokrim/oborinskim
taloženjem unosi u druge okolišne sustave, a učinak njegovog taloženja je najizraženiji u
osjetljivim ekosustavima koji su pod posebnim sustavom zaštite kao što su nacionalni
parkovi.
Cilj ovoga rada bio je dobiti uvid u kvalitetu zraka te promjenjivost količine i sastava
onečišćujućih tvari koje dospijevaju na zaštićeno područje Nacionalnog parka (NP) Brijuni
taloženjem iz atmosfere kroz obradu prikupljenih podataka za uzorke PM10, ukupne taložne
tvari (UTT) i oborine koji su sakupljeni u razdoblju 24.06. – 26.07.2021. te 03.11. –
13.12.2021.
U ljetnom razdoblju srednja vrijednosti masene koncentracije PM10 iznosila je 13,00 ±
4,67 μg/m³, dok je zimi bila 8,68 ± 3,85 μg/m³. Najzastupljeniji ion ljeti bio je SO4
2-, a zimi
NO3
-. Koncentracija organskog ugljika (eng. organic carbon, OC) u PM10 u ljeti iznosila je
2,32 ± 0,62 μg/m³, dok je u zimi bila 1,61 ± 0,96 μg/m³. Koncentracije organskog ugljika
topljivog u vodi (eng. water soluble organic carbon, WSOC), kao i OC-a, bile su više u ljeti
nego u zimi. Količina UTT-a bila je viša u zimskom razdoblju u odnosu na ljetno.
Najzastupljeniji ioni u ljeti u UTT-u bili su Cl- > Ca2+ > NO3
-, a u zimi Cl- i Na+.
Koncentracije WSOC-a imale su izražene oscilacije tijekom zime sa srednjom vrijednosti od
6,70 ± 9,77 mg/m2d. Količina oborine u ljetnom razdoblju bila je manja u odnosu na zimu, a
oborina je u oba razdoblja bila blago kisela do kisela. Najviše vrijednosti u oborini tijekom
ljeta imali su ioni Cl- > Na+ > Ca2+, a u zimi Cl- i Na+. Vrijednost WSOC-a u oborini tijekom
ljeta iznosila je 2,54 mg/m2d, a u zimi 1,83 ± 0,67 mg/m2d.
Može se zaključiti da su meteorološki čimbenici, dalekosežni prijenos zračnih masa,
donos saharskog pijeska te antropogeni izvori dominantno utjecali na kemijski sastav PM10,
UTT-a i oborine na području NP Brijuni tijekom istraživanog razdoblja. Također, tijekom
promatranog razdoblja nisu bile prekoračene zakonom propisane granične vrijednosti
koncentracija PM10 i količine UTT-a. |
| Abstract (english) | Atmospheric particles less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10) are one of the main
pollutants in the air and affect human health, the environment as a whole, and the climate.
Atmospheric material is introduced into other environmental systems through
dry/gravitational or wet/precipitation deposition, and the oveall impact of its deposition is
most pronounced in sensitive ecosystems that are under a special protection regime, such as
national parks.
The aim of this work was to gain insight into the air quality and the amount and
composition of pollutants reaching the protected area of Brijuni National Park (NP) through
atmospheric deposition, by processing the collected data for PM10 samples as well as for, total
bulk deposition and precipitation samples collected 24.06 - 26.07.2021. and 03.11. - 13.12.
2021.
In summer, the mean PM10 mass concentration was 13.00 ± 4.67 μg/m3, while in
winter it was 8.68 ± 3.85 μg/m3. The most abundant ion was SO4
2- in summer and NO3
- in
winter. The mass concentration of organic carbon (OC) in PM10 was 2.32 ± 0.62 μg/m3 in
summer, while it was 1.61 ± 0.96 μg/m3 in winter. Concentrations of water-soluble organic
carbon (WSOC) and of OC were higher in summer then in winter. The total amount of bulk
deposition was higher in winter than in summer. The most abundant ions in total deposition
were Cl- > Ca2+ > NO3
- in summer and Cl- and Na+ in winter. WSOC concentrations showed
pronounced variations in winter with a mean of 6.70 ± 9.77 mg/m2d. Precipitation in summer
was lower compared to the winter and slightly acidic to acidic in both periods. The ions Cl- >
Na+ > Ca2+ had the highest concentrations in precipitation in summer and Cl- and Na+ in
winter. WSOC values in precipitation were 2.54 mg/m2d in summer and 1.83 ± 0.67 mg/m2d
in winter.
It can be concluded that meteorology, long-range air mass movements, Saharan dust
episode, and anthropogenic sources influenced the chemical composition of PM10, total
deposition, and precipitation samples at the Brijuni National Park during the study period.
Moreover, the regulatory limits for PM10 concentration and total deposition were not
exceeded during the observed period. |
