Utjecaj temperature i dužine skladištenja u hladnjači na životni vijek rezanog cvijeta orhideje

master's thesis

• Title (english): Effects of cooling temperature and duration on flowering of the cut orchid flowers
• Author: Sara Pažanin
• Mentor: Ana Matin (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Matin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tajana Krička (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Židovec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Ornamental Plants, Landscape Architecture and Garden Art); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Orhideje (Orchidaceae) spadaju u drugu najbrojniju porodicu biljaka na Zemlji. Porodica orhideja obuhvaća preko 700 rodova, sa više od 20 000 vrsta, a tu je još i više od 100 000 hibridnih kultivara. To su biljke trajnice koje žive iz godine u godinu. Od davnina su orhideje predstavljale simbol ljubavi i ljepote, a zahvaljujući ljepoti cvjetova i mogućnostima primjene, vrlo su popularne u ukrasnoj hortikulturi. Veličina cvijeta varira od malih pa sve do velikih, promjera 20 cm. Orhideje koje rastu u zemlji u razini tla mogu se naći u područjima umjerene klime, dok one koje rastu u procjepima i spojevima rukavaca uglavnom potječu iz tropskih ili suptropskih krajeva. Raspon vrsta orhideja je velik, no neki rodovi se relativno lako mogu uzgajati. Neke od njih pripadaju rodovima Cattleya, Cymbidium, Dendrobium i Phalaenopsis. Rod Phalaenopsis dobio je na popularnosti krajem 20. st., te u današnje vrijeme predstavlja najtraženiju lončanicu u svim domovima. Prirodno stanište ovog roda je jugoistočna Azija, dijelovi Indije i sjeverna Australija. Cvjetovi mogu biti jednobojni ili dvobojni koji u odgovarajućim uvjetima dugo traju, te što je najvažnije cvatu svakih nekoliko mjeseci.
Za potrebe istraživanja korištene su orhideje bijele, svijetlo ružičaste, tamno ružičaste boje, te kombinacija boja bijelo-tamno ružičasta (prošarane). Orhideje su skladištene u hladnjači na temperaturama od 5°C i 10°C u trajanju od jednog do deset dana. Prvog, petog i desetog dana skladištenja u hladnjači uzeti su uzorci latica kojima se CHNS analizom utvrdio udio proteina kao pokazatelj starenja. Po završetku skladištenja u hladnjači cvjetovi su raspoređeni u ukupno 6 staklenih posuda; 2 s 500 ml pitke vode, 2 s 500 ml destilirane vode i 2 bez vode. Svakodnevno su praćene temperatura i vlažnost zraka, promjene u masi cvjetova i volumen vode u posudama, te opće stanje cvjetova. Skladištenje cvjetova orhideja na temperaturama od 5°C i 10°C rezultiralo je promjenama na cvjetovima u vidu smežuranosti, oštećenja latica i gubitka čvrstoće. Period skladištenja cvjetova u hladnjači u trajanju od deset dana nije produžio životni vijek cvjetova stavljenih na sobnu temperaturu u posude sa vodom i bez vode.

Abstract (english)

The orchid family (Orchidaceae) is the second largest family of flowering plants, with about 700 genera, some 20,000 species and the more than 100,000 hybrid cultivars distributed nearly worldwide. These are perennial plants that live year after year. From ancient times, orchids have been a symbol of love and beauty, and thanks to the beauty of flowers and possibilities of application, they are very popular in ornamental horticulture. The size of the flower varies from small to large diameters of 20 centimeters. Orchids that grow in soil at ground level can be found in temperate climates, while those that grow in crevices and backwaters are mostly native to tropical or subtropical regions. The range of orchids is large, but some genera can be grown relatively easily. Some of them belong to the genera Cattleya, Cymbidium, Dendrobium and Phalaenopsis. The genus Phalaenopsis gained in popularity at the end of the 20th century, and today it is the most sought-after potted plant in all homes. The natural habitat of this orchid is Southast Asia, parts of India and northern Australia. The flowers can be monochromatic or bicolor that last for a long time in appropriate conditions and most importantly, they bloom every few months.
For the purposes of the research, white, yellow, pink orchids and a combination of white and purple colors were used. Orchids were stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 5°C and 10°C for one to ten days. On the first, fifth and tenth days of storage in refrigerators, samples of petals were taken by which CHNS analysis determined the protein content as an indicator of aging. Upon completion of storage, the flowers were arranged in a total of 6 glass vases; 2 with 500 ml of drinking water, 2 with 500 ml of distilled water and 2 without water. Temperatures and humidity, changes in the mass of flowers and the volume of water in vases, and the general condition of the flowers were monitored daily. Storage of orchid flowers at a temperature of 5°C and 10°C resulted in a change in the flowers in the form of wrinkling, petal damage and loss of strength. The period of storage of flowers in the refrigerator for ten days did not extend the life of flowers placed at room temperature in containers with water and without water.

• Keywords: orhideja; Phalaenopsis; temperatura; hlađenje; udio proteina
• Keywords (english): orchid; Phalaenopsis; temperature; cooling; protein content
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:271711
• Study programme: Title: Horticulture; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2021-10-01 10:21:03