Procjena utjecaja onečišćenja tla kadmijem i živom na sastav dušika u listu miskantusa primjenom VNIR spektroskopije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Assessment of the impact of soil contamination with cadmium and mercury on leaf nitrogen content in miscanthus applying VNIR spectroscopy
• Author: Ivana Fadljević
• Mentor: Ivana Šestak (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Šestak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željka Zgorelec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Bilandžija (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of General Agronomy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

U ovom radu utvrđen je utjecaj onečišćenja tla teškim metalima (kadmija i žive) na sadržaj
dušika u listu miskantusa (Michanthus x giganteus). Rad se temelji na procjenama kvantitete
biomase te sadržaja dušika u listu primjenom daljinskih istraživanja koje čine nedestruktivne
metode kao što je proksimalna VNIR spektroskopija. Ona služi kao dodatni alat analitičkim
metodama kojim se integriraju fiziološka i optička svojstva te se kao rezultat dobije stanje
biljnog tkiva, odnosno koliki je utjecaj teških metala ili drugih stresora na koncentraciju
biljnih pigmenata, a ujedno i sadržaj dušika. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj kadmija i žive na
miskantus koristeći proksimalnu spektroskopiju u vidljivom i blisko infracrvenom (VNIR)
području elektromagnetskog spektra na način da se prate sadržaj dušika u listu i prinos
nadzemne biomase kao jedni od glavnih parametara. Utjecaj kadmija i žive razlikovao se
ovisno o tretmanima različitih poboljšivača tla kojima su sadnice miskantusa bile izložene u
eksperimentalnim posudama unutar otvorenog staklenika. Refleksija lista se mjerila na 24
uzorka krajem vegetacijske sezone 2018./2019. i 2019./2020. prijenosnim
spektroradiometrom u rasponu valnih duljina 350─1050 nm. Prinos nadzemne biomase
odredio se vaganjem, dok je sadržaj ukupnog dušika u listu bio određen metodom suhog
spaljivanja. Za prikaz i obradu rezultata korištena je parcijalna regresija najmanjih kvadrata
(PLSR) kojom je za prinos nadzemne biomase utvrđena jaka korelacija (R2 = 0,53; RMSE =
0,833 t/ha), a za sastav ukupnog dušika u listu je utvrđena potpuna korelacija (R2 = 0,87;
RMSE = 0,139%). U vidu tretmana, otpadnog mulja je pokazao najveći doprinos u sadržaju
ukupnog dušika u nadzemnoj biomasi miskantusa, dok se pepeo pokazao kao najmanje
koristan poboljšivač u prvoj godini uzgoja, a tlo bez poboljšivača i mikoriza u drugoj godini
uzgoja.

Abstract (english)

In this paper, the influence of soil contamination with heavy metals (cadmium and mercury)
on nitrogen content in Miscanthus x giganteus leaf, was determined. The paper is based on
estimates of biomass quantity and nitrogen content in leaf tissue using remote sensing that
make up non-destructive methods such as proximal VNIR spectroscopy. It serves as an
additional tool with analytical methods that integrate physiological and optical properties,
and as a result the state of plant tissue is obtained, i.e. the influence of heavy metals or
other stressors on the concentration of plant pigments and nitrogen content. The aim of the
study was to determine effects of cadmium and mercury on miscanthus using proximal
spectroscopy in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum
by monitoring nitrogen content in the leaf and aboveground biomass yield as one of the
main parameters. The effect of cadmium and mercury differed depending on the treatments
of different soil improvers to which miscanthus seedlings were exposed in experimental pots
inside an open greenhouse. Leaf reflection was measured on 24 samples at the end of the
2018./2019. and 2019./2020. vegetation seasons with a transmission spectroradiometer in
the wavelength range of 350─1050 nm. The yield of aboveground biomass was determined
by weighing, while the content of total nitrogen in the leaf was determined by the method of
dry incineration. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to display and process the
results, which determined a strong correlation for the aboveground biomass yield (R2 = 0.53;
RMSE = 0.833 t/ha), and a complete correlation was found for the composition of the total
nitrogen content in the leaf (R2 = 0,87; RMSE = 0,139%). In terms of treatment, sewage
sludge showed the greatest contribution in the total nitrogen content in the aboveground
biomass of miscanthus, while the ash proved to be the least useful improver in the first year
of cultivation, and soil without amandments and mycorrhiza in the second year of cultivation.

• Keywords: poboljšivači tla; pepeo; mikoriza; otpadni mulj; teški metali; refleksija lista
• Keywords (english): soil amandments; ash; mycorrhiza; sewage sludge; heavy metals; leaf reflectance
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:542457
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2020-11-09 07:23:54