Utjecaj klimatskih promjena na proizvodnju i sastav kozjeg mlijeka u Međimurskoj županiji

master's thesis

• Author: Nikola Vrbanović
• Mentor: Goran Kiš (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Kiš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Antun Kostelić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zvonimir Prpić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Animal Nutrition); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-12-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy; Dairy

Abstract

Za život na Zemlji kakav poznajemo bitni su mnogi čimbenici među kojima klima spada u najvažnije. Poljoprivredna proizvodnja ili kako ju često volimo zvati «tvornica na otvorenom» gotovo potpuno ovisi o vanjskim uvjetima odnosno o klimi. Svako odstupanje od prosjeka odnosno promjene klime imaju izravan utjecaj na biljnu i stočarsku proizvodnju. Izravan utjecaj na biljnu proizvodnju svakako je smanjenje ili čak potpuni gubitak prinosa u dugotrajnim sušnim ili poplavnim razdobljima, te... More promijenjen kemijski sastav odnosno smanjen udio pojedinih nutrienata u biljci. Izravan utjecaj na stočarsku proizvodnju treba spomenuti toplinski stres te s njim povezano smanjenje proizvodnje uslijed istog. Osim direktnog utjecaja na biljnu proizvodnju, kroz kakvoću konzumirane hrane, vremenske prilike imaju i indirektan utjecaj na stočarstvo. Ekstremne vremenske pojave, kao što su suše i poplave, utječu na rast krmiva u takvim uvjetima, što se pak odražava na promjene njihove hranjivosti i korištenja kao hrane za životinje. Osim promjena u hranjivosti krmiva, koje se odražavaju na proizvodnju i sastav kozjeg mlijeka, klimatski čimbenici, preko povećane izloženosti krmiva lošim vremenskim prilikama, mogu utjecati i na zdravstvenu ispravnost takvih krmiva, odnosno, na sigurnost hrane za životinje. Stoga je i cilj ovog rada istražiti utjecaj klimatskih promjena na proizvodnju i sastav kozjeg mlijeka, kao posljedice promjene hranjive vrijednosti krmiva u Međimurskoj županiji. Tijekom istraživanog razdoblja 2012.-2014. došlo je do značajnih promjena (p≤0,05) u kemijskom sastavu kozjeg mlijeka, odnosno, do smanjenja mliječne masti, proteina i ukupne suhe tvari mlijeka, što može biti; osim kvalitativnih promjena krmiva, i posljedica povećanja ukupne proizvodnje kozjeg mlijeka. Nadalje, promjene kemijskog sastava krmiva koja su koze u istraživanom periodu jele nisu u očekivanom obimu utjecale na proizvodnju i sastav mlijeka, na temelju čega se može zaključiti da je većina uzgajivača držala koze u odgovarajućim uvjetima, te prilagodila obroke potrebama koza. Less

Abstract (english)

There are many important factors for life on Earth as we know, but climate is one of the most important. Agricultural production or as often like to call it "the factory to open" almost entirely dependent on external conditions and climate. Any deviation from the average climate condition and its changes has a direct impact on crop and animal production. Direct effect on plant production is the reduction or even complete loss of yield. In the long-term drought or flood periods,... More changes are in the chemical composition or reduced levels of certain nutrients in the plant. As direct impact on livestock production we should mention heat stress and a related reduction in production due to it. Beside of direct impact on crop production the weather conditions have an indirect impact on animal production through the quality of the consumed feedstuffs. Extreme weather condition such are droughts and floods, affecting the growth of plants in these conditions, which reflects on the changes in their nutritive value and use as animal feed. In addition to changes in nutritive value feed materials, which are reflected in the production and composition of goat milk, climatic factors, through increased exposure of feedstuffs to bad weather, can affect the safety of such feed material, respectively, to the safety of animal feed. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of climate change on the production and composition of goat milk as a result of changes in the nutritional value of feed in Međimurje County. During trail period from 2012 till 2014 there have been significant changes (p≤0.05) in the chemical composition of goat's milk, reduction of fat, protein and total milk solids. That can be caused by qualitative changes of feed and as the effect of rising of total of goat's milk production. Furthermore, changes in chemical composition of feedstuffs that the goats in the investigated period ate are not affected in the proportions as we expected the milk production and milk composition, thus, it can be conclude that most breeders kept goats in appropriate conditions, and adapted meals to needs of the goats. Less

• Keywords: kozje mlijeko; klimatske promjene; krmiva; kemijski sastav
• Keywords (english): goat milk; climate change; feedstuff; chemical composition
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:466934
• Study programme: Title: Production and Processing of Milk; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka proizvodnje i prerade mlijeka (magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka proizvodnje i prerade mlijeka)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2016-04-18 08:09:59