Antifungalni utjecaj askomicete Trichoderma koningiopsis na Fusarium equiseti i Fusarium avenaceum

master's thesis

• Title (english): Antifungal influence of ascomycete Trichoderma koningiopsis on Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium avenaceum
• Author: Marko Marijić
• Mentor: Snježana Topolovec-Pintarić (mentor)
• Committee member: Snježana Topolovec-Pintarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tihomir Miličević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darko Vončina (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Plant Pathology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Fuzarioze su ekonomski značajne bolesti raznovrsnih poljoprivrednih kultura koje uzrokuju askomicetne gljive iz roda Fusarium. Vrste iz roda Fusarium odlikuju se i proizvodnjom velikog broja mikotoksina. Vrsta F. avenaceum uzrokuje palež klasa i trulež korijenovog vrata pšenice i ječma, te proizvodi nekoliko mikotoksina koji mogu štetiti ljudskom i životinjskom zdravlju. Vrsta F. equiseti pojavljuje se kao kolonizator starog i oštećenog biljnog tkiva i kao slab parazit na pšenici, ali ga odlikuje velika proizvodnja mikotoksina. Poznati bio-čimbenici, askomicete iz roda Trichoderma sadrže i vrste koje mikoparazitiraju micelij Fusarium vrsta. Iz zbirke autohtonih izolata izdvojena je vrsta T. koningiopsis KP/AR čije antifungalno djelovanje na Fusarium vrste nije poznato. U radu je istraživan antifungalni utjecaj autohtonog izolata T. koningiopsis KP/AR tj. antibiotska supresija i mikoparazitacija micelarne kulture spomenutih Fusarium vrsta. Pokus je postavljen u laboratoriju Zavoda za fitopatologiju agronosmkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Pokus se provodio u uvjetima in vitro metodom dvojnih kultura za testiranje mikoparazitacije, te metodom dvojnih kultura za utvrđivanje hlapljivih tvari (antibioze). Koristile su se 4 i 7 dana stare gljivične kulture i provedeno je sučeljavanje KP/AR sa svakom patogenom vrstom. Pokus je postavljen po slučajnom bloknom rasporedu u 5 varijanti sa 3 ponavljanja. U testu antagonizma četvrtog dana inkubacije Indeks inhibicije za F. equiseti iznosio je 7,33 %, a za F. avenaceum iznosio je 0 %. Sedmog dana inkubacije Indeks inhibicije vrste F. equiseti iznosio je 43,52 %, a za vrstu F. avenaceum 35,31 %. U testu antibioze četvrtog dana inkubacije Indeks inhibicije vrste F. equiseti iznosio je 3,3 %, a za vrstu F. avenaceum iznosio je 5,56 %. Sedmog dana inkubacije Indeks inhibicije vrste F. equiseti iznosio je 17,02 %, a za vrstu F. avenaceum iznosio je 33, 32 %. Temeljem rezultata pokusa izolat KP/AR pokazao je nesignifikantno antifungalno djelovanje. Također izolat KP/AR pokazao je nesignifikantno antibiotsko djelovanje.

Abstract (english)

Fusariosis is an economically significant disease of a variety of crops that causes ascomycete fungi of the genus Fusarium. Fusarium species are also distinguished by the production of a large number of mycotoxins. F. avenaceum causes class and rot of wheat and barley root rot, and produces several mycotoxins that can harm human and animal health. F. equiseti appears as a colonizer of old and damaged plant tissue and as a weak parasite on wheat, but is characterized by high mycotoxin production. Known bio-factors, ascomycetes of the genus Trichoderma also contain species that mycoparasize mycelium of Fusarium species. A collection of T. koningiopsis KP / AR was isolated from the collection of indigenous isolates, whose antifungal effect on Fusarium species is unknown. The paper investigates the antifungal influence of the indigenous isolate T. koningiopsis KP / AR, ie antibiotic suppression and mycoparasitic micellar culture of the mentioned Fusarium species. The experiment was set up in the laboratory of the Department of Phytopathology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Zagreb. The experiment was performed in vitro using a double culture method for testing mycoparasitization and a double culture method for the determination of volatiles (antibiosis). 4 and 7 days old fungal cultures were used and the KP / AR interface with each pathogen was performed. The experiment was set on a random block layout in 5 variants with 3 repetitions. In the fourth day incubation assay, the inhibition index for F. equiseti was 7.33% and for F. avenaceum was 0%. On the seventh day of incubation, the F. equiseti inhibition index was 43.52% and that of F. avenaceum was 35.31%. In the fourth day incubation antibiotic, the F. equiseti inhibition index was 3.3% and that of F. avenaceum was 5.56%. On the seventh day of incubation, the index of inhibition of F. equiseti was 17.02% and that of F. avenaceum was 33.32%. Based on the results of the experiment, the KP / AR isolate showed non-significant antifungal activity. The KP / AR isolate also showed a non-significant antibiotic activity.

• Keywords: biološko suzbijanje; antagonizam; antibioza; fuzarioze
• Keywords (english): bio-control; antagonism; antibiosis; fusariosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:381074
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2019-12-12 07:26:06