Morfološka svojstva sjemena hrvatskih tradicijskih kultivara graha (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

master's thesis

• Title (english): Morphological traits of Croatian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces seeds
• Author: Iva Miočinović
• Mentor: Klaudija Carović-Stanko (mentor)
• Committee member: Klaudija Carović-Stanko (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Boris Lazarević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jerko Gunjača (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Seed Science and Technology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Grah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) je ekonomski najznačajnija vrsta iz roda Phaseolus te je najvažnija zrnata mahunarka za izravnu ljudsku prehranu. U Hrvatskoj se grah proizvodi na malim površinama, a proizvodnja se uglavnom temelji na tradicijskim kultivarima koje održavaju sami poljoprivrednici. Među uzgajanim tradicijskim kultivarima postoje značajne morfološke razlike koje su vidljive na samom sjemenu. Sjeme je različitog oblika, boje i veličine. U istraživanju je korišteno sjeme 192 primke hrvatskih tradicijskih kultivara graha iz svih dijelova Hrvatske. Primke su podijeljene na sedam najčešće uzgajanih morfotipova: 'Trešnjevac', 'Zelenčec', 'Biser', 'Dan noć', 'Puter', 'Tetovac', 'Kukuruzar'; te u skupinu u kojoj su manje zastupljeni morfotipovi. Na osnovu četiri kvantitativna svojstva: duljina sjemena (mm; T1), širina sjemena (mm; T2), debljina sjemena (mm; T3) i masa 100 sjemenki (g; T4) utvrđeno je da najkrupnije sjeme ima 'Tetovac', a najsitnije 'Biser'. Također je utvrđeno da je najvarijabilnije svojstvo (31,22 %) Masa 100 sjemenki (g; T4) dok je najmanje varijabilno (14,40 %) Širina sjemena (mm; T2). Vrlo jake pozitivne korelacije (r > 0.70) su utvrđene između svojstava T2 (Širina sjemena (mm)) i T1 (Duljina sjemena (mm)) (r = 0,713) te između svojstava T4 (Masa 100 sjemenki (g)) i T2 (Širina sjemena (mm)) (r = 0,817). Vrlo jake korelacije na razini P < 0.001 utvrđene su između svojstava T1 (Duljina sjemena (mm)) i T2 (Širina sjemena (mm)), T2 (Širina sjemena (mm)) i T3 (Debljina sjemena (mm)), dok je svojstvo T4 (Masa 100 sjemenki (g)) bilo u vrlo jakoj korelaciji sa svim drugim svojstvima.

Abstract (english)

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most economically important species of the genus Phaseolus and it is the most important grain legume for direct human consumption. In Croatia, common bean is produced on small areas, and production is mainly based on landraces that farmers have maintained for long times. Among the cultivated landraces there are significant morphological differences that are visible on the seed. The seeds differ in shape, colour and size. The research was carried out on seeds of 192 accessions of Croatian traditional common bean landraces from all parts of Croatia. The accessions are divided into seven commonly cultivated morphotypes: ‘Trešnjevac’, ‘Zelenčec’, ‘Biser’, 'Dan noć', 'Puter', 'Tetovac', 'Kukuruzar'; and into a group where are less represented morphotypes. Based on four quantitative traits: Seed length (mm; T1), Seed width (mm; T2), Seed thickness (mm; T3) and Weight of 100 seeds (g; T4), the largest seed had ‘Tetovac’ and the smallest ’Biser’. It was also found that the most variable trait (31.22%) was the Weight of 100 seeds (g; T4) while the least variable (14.40%) was the Seed width (mm; T2). Very strong positive correlations (r> 0.70) were found between T2 (Seed width (mm)) and T1 (Seed length (mm)) (r = 0.713) and between T4 (Weight of 100 seeds (g)) and T2 (Seed width (mm)) (r = 0.817). Very strong correlations at P <0.001 level was found between T1 (Seed length (mm)) and T2 (Seed width (mm)), T2 (Seed width (mm)) and T3 (Seed thickness (mm)), while trait T4 (100 seeds weight (g)) was highly correlated with all other traits.

• Keywords: grah; morfološka svojstva; tradicijski kultivari; morfotipovi
• Keywords (english): common bean; morphological traits; landraces; morphotypes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:970152
• Study programme: Title: Organic Agriculture with Agrotourism; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekološke poljoprivrede i agroturizma (magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekološke poljoprivrede i agroturizma)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2019-11-21 09:23:16