Potencijalne i stvarne količine pšenične slame koje se mogu prikupiti na OPG-u

master's thesis

• Title (english): Potential and actual quantities of wheat straw that can be collected on family farm
• Author: Antun Zmaić
• Mentor: Željko Jukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Željko Jukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Kovačev (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lepomir Čoga (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Field Crops, Forage and Grassland); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-05-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Pšenica je vodeća poljoprivredna kultura u svijetu i zasijana je na oko 25 % ukupnih obradivih površina te je zastupljena na svim kontinentima. Predstavlja važan dio u ljudskoj i životinjskoj prehrani. Pšenica je također važan izvor biomase, kojem svijet pridaje pažnju zbog sve većeg iscrpljivanja neobnovljivih izvora energije. Pšenica sudjeluje u proizvodnji biogoriva, gdje se od zrna i slame dobivaju tekuća (etanol) i kruta biogoriva (briketi/peleti). Proizvodnjom biogoriva iz zrna smanjuje... More se količina zrna za prehranu čovječanstva, pa se posljednjih godina pridaje pažnja razvoju biogoriva iz slame. Slama predstavlja važan izvor organske tvari, ima značajan utjecaj na biološka, kemijska i fizikalna svojstva poljoprivrednih tala i ne treba ju nipošto smatrati otpadom.
Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je odrediti koliko se može prikupiti pšenične slame s određene površine nakon žetve, kod dvije različite sorte pšenice: Kraljica i Sofru, strojevima i opremom koja se koristi na OPG-u. Osim toga, potrebno je utvrditi koliko se makrohranjiva (N, P i K) iznosi u određenoj količini slame koja se više neće vratiti u tlo kao organska tvar. Prinos slame bio je u rasponu od 8.900,9 kg/ha (prosjek, Sofru) do 9.648,8 kg/ha (prosjek, Kraljica), a učinkovitost prikupljanja je bila slična i kretala se od 21,53 % (prosjek, Sofru) do 23,69 % (prosjek, Kraljica). Usporedno tome, količina slame koja je iznesena po hektaru sadržavala je 11,17 kg N, 4,47 kg P i 22,34 kg K kod sorte Kraljica i 9,29 kg N 3,71 kg P i 18,57 kg kod sorte Sofru. Less

Abstract (english)

Wheat is a leading agricultural culture in the world and it is sown on about 25 % of total arable land and is present on all continents. It represents an important part in human and animal nutrition. Wheat is also an important source of biomass, which the world is paying attention, due to the increasing exhaustion of non-renewable energy sources. Wheat takes part in the production of biofuels, where grain and straw are raw materials for liquid (ethanol) and solid biofuels (briquettes /... More pellets). The production of biofuels from grain reduces the amount of grain for human nutrition, and in recent years, attention has been paid to the development of biofuel from straw. Straw represents an important source of organic matter, has a significant impact on the biological, chemical and physical properties of agricultural soils and does not need to be considered as waste.
The aim of this graduate thesis is to determine how much wheat straw can be collected from a specific area after harvest, of two different cultivars of wheat: Kraljica and Sofru, with machinery and equipment used on the family farm. Additionally, it is necessary to determine how much macronutrients (N , P and K) drawn out with straw that will no longer return to the soil as organic matter. The yield of straw was in the range of 8,900.9 kg/ha (average, Sofru) to 9,648.8 kg/ha (average, Kraljica), and the collection efficiency varied from 21,53 % (average, Sofru) to 23,69 % (average, Kraljica). At the same time, the amount of straw per hectare contained 11,17 kg N, 4,47 kg P and 22,34 kg K in the case of Kraljica and 9,29 kg N 3.71 kg P 18.57 kg in Sofru. Less

• Keywords: biomasa; pšenična slama; žetveni indeks; učinkovitost prikupljanja
• Keywords (english): biomass; wheat straw; harvest index; collection efficiency
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:578279
• Study programme: Title: Plant Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka biljnih znanosti (magistar / magistra inženjer/inženjerka biljnih znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-07-12 06:23:04