Utjecaj arbskularne mikorize na morfološke karakteristike korijena bosiljka

master's thesis

• Title (english): Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on morphological characteristics of Basil root system
• Author: Tomislav Javornik
• Mentor: Boris Lazarević (mentor)
• Committee member: Boris Lazarević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Klaudija Carović-Stanko (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Sikora (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Plant Nutrition); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-10-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Bosiljak (Ocimum basilicum L.) je jedna od najvažnijih i najrasprostranjenijih aromatičnih i ljekovitih biljaka, dok je fosfor jedno od najvažnijih, a ujedno i najslabije dostupnih biljnih hranjiva. Arbuskularna mikoriza (AM) prisutna je kod više od 90 % kopnenih biljnih vrsta. U nepovoljnim uvjetima, poput nedostatka fosfora i drugih hranjiva u tlu, AM može značajno povećati efikasnost usvajanja hranjiva te time izbjeći stres nedostatka hranjiva kod biljke domaćina.
Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi utjecaj inokulacije AM na primanje fosfora, frekvenciju i intenzitet mikorizacije te na morfološke karakteristike korijena različitih kultivara bosiljka.
Pokusom je obuhvaćeno četiri različita kultivara bosiljka ('Genovese', 'Sweet Basil', 'Dark Opal' i varijetet purpurascens) koji su uzgajani u uvjetima niske dostupnosti fosfora (1μmol P L-1) tijekom 60 dana. Tretmane su predstavljali inokulacija korijena AM mikoriznom vrstom Glomus intraradices i kontrola (neinokulirane biljke). Na kraju pokusa određena je koncentracija fosfora u suhoj tvari nadzemnih organa biljke, intenzitet i frekvencija mikorizacije korijena, te morfološke karakteristike korijena bosiljka.
AM inokulacija je povećala koncentraciju fosfora u suhoj tvari kod svih mikoriziranih kultivara bosiljka, u odnosu na nemikorizirane kultivare. Najveća prosječna koncentracija P2O5 u ST nadzemnih organa mikoriziranih biljaka utvrđena je kod varijeteta purpurascens. Kultivari bosiljka značajno su se razlikovali u intenzitetu i frekvenciji mikorizacije pri čemu je najjače zaražen bio 'Dark Opal', gdje je intenzitet mikorizacije bio 54,0 %, a frekvencija mikorizacije 70,6 %; a najmanje zaražen var. purpurascens, gdje je intenzitet mikorizacije bio 17,0 %, a frekvencija mikorizacije 36,6 %. Kultivari sa izraženijom frekvencijom i intenzitetom mikorizacije 'Sweet Basil' i 'Dark Opal' su imali slabije razvijen korijenov sustav.

Abstract (english)

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of the most important and versatile aromatic and medicinal plant, while phosphorus is one of the most important and frequently limited nutrient for plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is present in more than 90 % of terrestrial plant species. In conditions of nutrient deficiency in the soil, AM can significantly increase the efficiency of nutrient uptake, and thus avoid the stress triggered by lack of nutrient in host plants.
Aim of current study was to determine the influence of AM on phosphorus uptake, the frequency and intensity of root mycorrhization and morphological characteristics of roots among different basil cultivars.
The experiment included four basil cultivars ('Genovese', 'Sweet Basil', 'Dark Opal' and variety purpurascens) which were grown under low phosphorus availability (1 μmol P L-1) for 60 days. The treatments were represented as root inoculation with AM mycorrhizal species Glomus intraradices and uninoculated plants as control. At the end of experiment, shoot phosphorus concentration, the intensity and frequency of root mycorrhization and morphological characteristics of root system were determined.
AM inoculation increased phosphorus concentration in dry matter in all inoculated basil cultivars compared to uninoculated cultivars. The highest concentration of P2O5 in the dry matter of plant shoot system was recorded in variety purpurascens. Significant difference in intensity and frequency of mycorrhization where observed among basil cultivars, where strongest infection was determined in 'Dark Opal', with intensity of mycorrhization of 54.0 %, and mycorrhization frequency of 70,6 %; and the least infected was var. purpurascens, with intensity of mycorrhization of 17,0 %, and mycorrhization frequency of 36,6 %. Cultivars with the highest frequency and intensity of mycorrhization, 'Sweet Basil' and 'Dark Opal', had weakest developed root system.

• Keywords: arbuskularna mikoriza (AM); fosfor; mikorizacija; korijen
• Keywords (english): arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); phosphorus; mycorrhization; root
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:373306
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-11-22 13:54:46