Vertikalna distribucija organskog ugljika u poljoprivrednim tlima

master's thesis

• Title (english): Vertical distribution of organic carbon in agricultural soils
• Author: Ana Jakovac
• Mentor: Aleksandra Bensa (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Bensa (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Danijela Jungić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željka Zgorelec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Soil Science); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Organski ugljik jedno je od važnijih svojstava tla, čiji sadržaj ovisi o unosu organske tvari u tlo i njenoj razgradnji, kao i nizu čimbenika koji izravno ili neizravno utječu na ta dva procesa. Cilj ovog rada je bio opisati vertikalnu distribuciju organskog ugljika u poljoprivrednim tlima, analizirati prirodne i antropogene čimbenike koji je uvjetuju, prikazati smjerove i intenzitet promjena sadržaja organskog ugljika s dubinom tla, te navesti pozitivne i negativne učinke navedenih promjena na plodnost tla. Sadržaj organskog ugljika u tlu smanjuje se s dubinom. U teksturno težim tlima u pravilu su utvrđeni viši sadržaji organskog ugljika u odnosu na lakša tla, pri primjeni istih agrotehničkih mjera. Većina istraživača je utvrdila viši sadržaj organskog ugljika u površinskim slojevima tla kod izostavljene ili konzervacijske obrade tla u odnosu na konvencionalnu. Međutim, kod konvencionalne obrade tla organski ugljik se bolje distribuira u dublje slojeve u kojima su utvrđene više vrijednosti odnosu na tla pod sustavima reducirane obrade. Povećanje organskog ugljika u tlu uslijed organske kao i kombinirane organo-mineralne gnojidbe dokazano je u brojnim radovima, posebno u površinskim horizontima. Primjena same mineralne gnojidbe uglavnom rezultira smanjenjem organskog ugljika u tlu. Primjena plodoreda u pravilu povećava sadržaj organskog ugljika u tlu odnosu na tla pod monokulturama, iako to najviše ovi o vrstama kultura. Primjena navodnjavanja značajnije utječe na povećanje organskog ugljika u tlima aridnih klimatskih područja, posebno u površinskim horizontima. Odvodnja smanjuje sadržaj organskog ugljika u dubljim horizontima tla.

Abstract (english)

Organic carbon is one of the most important soil properties, whose content depends on the input of organic matter into the soil and its decomposition, as well as a number of factors that directly or indirectly affect these two processes. The aim of this study was to describe the vertical distribution of organic carbon in agricultural soils, to analyze the natural and anthropogenic factors that are conditioned, to show the directions and intensity of the changes of the organic carbon content with the depth of the soil, and to indicate the positive and negative effects of these changes on soil fertility. Organic carbon content in the soil decreases with depth. In heavy textured soils, as a rule, higher levels of organic carbon are found in relation to lighter soil, with the application of the same agrotechnical measures. Most researchers have found more organic carbon content in surface layers of soil with no tillage or conservation tillage compared to conventional ones. However, in conventional tillage, organic carbon is better distributed into deeper layers in which higher soil values are found compared to soils under reduced tillage systems. Increasing organic carbon in soil due to organic as well as combined organomineral fertilization has been proven in numerous studies, especially in surface horizons. The application of mineral fertilization itself mainly results in the reduction of organic carbon in the soil. The use of crop rotation increases the content of organic carbon in soil relative to soil under monocultures, although it depends on type of crops. The use of irrigation significantly impacts on the increase of organic carbon in soils in the more drier climatic regions, especially in surface horizons. Drainage decreases the content of organic carbon in the deeper horizons of the soil.

• Keywords: plodored; obrada; gnojidba; hidromelioracije
• Keywords (english): crop rotation; tillage; fertilization; hydroamelioration
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:681933
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2018-10-01 09:32:56