Dinamika pojave i mogućnosti praćenja pojave kukuruznog moljca u Sinjskom polju

master's thesis

• Author: Šimun Pavić
• Mentor: Renata Bažok (mentor)
• Committee member: Renata Bažok (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zlatko Svečnjak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tanja Gotlin Čuljak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Agricultural Zoology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-02-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy; Phytomedicine

Abstract

Kukuruzni moljac (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner) je vrlo značajan polifagni štetnik. Kukuruz, naša najznačajnija ratarska kultura, smatra se najugroženijom. Kemijsko suzbijanje se provodi samo u sjemenskom kukuruzu i kukuruzu šećercu. Preduvjet uspjeha
u kontroli kukuruznog moljca je predviđanje točnog vremena primjene insekticida radi čega je nužno poznavati pouzdane metode praćenja pojave kukuruznog moljca. Cilj istraživanja na području Sinjskog polja bio je utvrditi pouzdanost tri metode prognoze kukuruznog moljca: lovne entomološke lampe, suma efektivnih temperatura (SET) i vizualni pregledi. Na nasadu kukuruza šećerca veličine 0,8 ha slučajno su odabrana 4 reda kukuruza dužine 14,3 m s 80 biljaka u redu. Jednom tjedno su vizualno pregledavane označene biljke na prisutnost šteta od gusjenica kukuruznog moljca kao i ulov leptira kukuruznog moljca u entomološkoj lampi. U posljednjem očitavanju obavljena je disekcija označenih biljaka kukuruza. Klimatski podaci su prikupljeni s postaje Sinj od državnog hidrometereološkog zavoda. Entomološka lampa je uhvatila ukupno 71 leptira, od toga 26 u lipnju tj. prvoj generaciji i 45 u kolovozu tj. drugoj generaciji. Utvrđena je jaka pozitivna korelacija između kumulativnog ulova leptira na entomološkoj lampi i postotka zaraženih biljaka za obje generacije kukuruznog moljca. Prva pojava leptira kukuruznog moljca u Sinjskom polju se događa kod SET od 381 °C. Ukupni SET tijekom leta obje generacije leptira (273 dana u 2015. godini) izračunat za razvoj kukuruznog moljca na području Sinjskog polja iznosi 1143,2 °C. Usporedbom naših rezultata s drugim podacima literature ustanovljeno je da na područjima koja imaju niže srednje godišnje temperature moljac se
javlja kada je SET niži u odnosu na područja s višim srednjim godišnjim temperaturama. Vizualni pregledi omogućuju praćenje štetnosti kukuruznog moljca u polju i dobra su pomoć u prognozi pojave štetnika. Rastom sume efektivnih temperatura raste ulov leptira a time i postotak zaraženih biljaka. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju važnost poznavanja ekologije kukuruznog moljca na određenom području i omogućuju u kombinaciji s dodatnim budućim istraživanjima razvoj učinkovitog modela prognoze kukuruznog moljca na području Sinjskog polja.

Abstract (english)

European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner) is a very significant polyphagous
pest. Maize, our most important field crop, is considered to be the most threatened.
Chemical control is carried out only in maize for seed production and in sweet corn. The
precondition for success in controlling ECB is correctly estimating the time when the
insecticide should be applied for what it is necessary to use reliable forecast methods of the
ECB appearance. The aim of the research in Sinj karst field was to investigate the
reliability of three ECB forecast methods: an entomological lamp, accumulated degree
days (ADD) and visual inspection. On the 0,8 ha of sweet corn field, four rows with 14,3
m lenght consisting 80 plants are randomly selected. Visual inspections of tagged plants
for the ECB damage apearance as well as the ECB catch in the entomological lamp are
examined once a week. Tagged maize plants are dissected in the final inspection. Climate
data for the Sinj area are collected from the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological
Service. Total catch of moths in entomological lamp is 71, from that 26 in June, i.e. 1st
generation and 45 in August, i.e. 2nd generation. There is a high positive correlation
between the moth cumulative catch in an entomological lamp and the percentage of
infested plants for both ECB generations. First appearance of the ECB in Sinj karst field is
when the ADD is 381 °C. Total ADD during the both generation flights (273 Julian days in
year 2015.) calculated for the ECB development in Sinj karst field is 1143,2 °C.
Comparing our results with other literature data it is stated that the ADD of the ECB
appearance is lower in the areas with lower average daily temperatures, respectively higher
in the areas with higher average daily temperatures. Visual inspection allows tracking of
the ECB damage in the field and it is a good help in pest forecast. Higher ADD increases
the ECB catch and therefore the percentage of infested plants. Research results are
showing the importance of knowing ECB ecology in the certain area and with the future
researches they will allow the development of reliable ECB forecast model in Sinj karst field.

• Keywords: kukuruzni moljac; metode prognoze; ekologija; zaštita; dinamika pojave
• Keywords (english): European corn borer; forecast methods; ecology; control; population dynamic
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:157880
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-05-12 10:05:16