Predviđanje rizika od subkliničke ketoze u mliječnih krava na temelju metaboličkih pokazatelja i sastava mlijeka

master's thesis

• Title (english): Prediction of subclinical ketosis risk in dairy cows based on metabolic indicators and milk composition
• Author: Petra Crnjak
• Mentor: Krešimir Salajpal (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Salajpal (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Kiš (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Antun Kostelić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Animal Science); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Ketoza je metabolički poremećaj koji se javlja u periodu neposredno poslije telenja, a najčešće zahvaća visoko proizvodne krave. U radu je opisana ketogeneza i ketoliza, odnosno sinteza i trošenje ketonskih tijela (acetoacetata, β-3-hidroksibutirata i acetona), kao i kontrola ketogeneze na koju utječu hormoni inzulin i glukagon. S obzirom na prisutnost kliničkih znakova ketoza se pojavljuje u subkliničkom ili kliničkom obliku. Nadalje, s obzirom na etiopatogenezu, ketoza se još dijeli na tip I i tip II koji imaju zajednički uzrok, negativnu energetsku ravnotežu, ali imaju drugačiji put nastanka. Ketoza se može dijagnosticirati brzim testovima, koji određuju koncentraciju ketonskih tijela u krvi, mlijeku i urinu ili pak laboratorijskim metodama. Prevencija ketoze se temelji na postizanju optimalne kondicije u suhostaju ali i davanju prekursora glukoze u obroku kravama u ranoj laktaciji.
Prolazno povećanje sadržaja mliječne masti u mlijeku kao i promjena omjera sadržaja masti i proteina u mlijeku, te prisutnost povećane razine 3BH u krvi rani su pokazatelji promjena u energetskom metabolizmu krave, dok prisutnost ketonskih tijela u tjelesnim izlučevinama (mlijeko, urin) ukazuju na već uznapredovali stadij navedenih metaboličkih poremećaja.

Abstract (english)

Ketosis is a metabolic disorder that occurs in the period immediately after calving and most often affects highly productive dairy cows. The paper describes ketogenesis and ketolysis, the synthesis and utilization of ketone bodies (acetoacetate, β-3-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone), as well as the control of ketogenesis influenced by the hormones insulin and glucagon. According to clinical signs, ketosis manifests as subclinical or clinical ketosis, and it is further divided into Type I and Type II, which share a common cause, negative energy balance, but have different pathophysiological pathways. Ketosis can be diagnosed through rapid tests that determine the concentration of ketone bodies in blood, milk, and urine, and it can also be diagnosed using laboratory methods.
The prevention of ketosis is based on achieving optimal condition in dryness, but also on giving glucose precursors in the diet to cows in early lactation. A transient increase in the milk fat content as well as a change in the ratio of fat and protein content in milk and the presence of an increased level of 3BH in the blood are early indicators of changes in the cow's energy metabolism, while the presence of ketone bodies in body secrets (milk, urine) indicate an already advanced stage of the mentioned metabolic disorders.

• Keywords: ketoza; ketonska tijela; prevencija; rana dijagnostika
• Keywords (english): ketosis; ketone bodies; prevention; early diagnosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:958449
• Study programme: Title: Animal Nutrition and Feed Science; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hranidbe životinja i hrane (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hranidbe životinja i hrane)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-04 08:04:40