Genomska introgresija u hrvatskim pasminama goveda

master's thesis

• Title (english): Genomic introgression in Croatian cattle breeds
• Author: Zvonimir Mijadžiković
• Mentor: Vlatka Čubrić Čurik (mentor)
• Committee member: Vlatka Čubrić Čurik (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladimir Brajković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ino Čurik (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Animal Science); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Hrvatske pasmine goveda imaju dugu povijest u poljoprivredi Hrvatske. Danas nisu toliko zastupljene u proizvodnji zbog uvezenih komercijalnih pasmina. Međutim, hrvatske pasmine goveda posjeduju gene za otpornost koji su rezultat lokanih adaptacija, što opravdava potrebu za njihovom konzervacijom. Pasmine su se razvijale i prilagođavale različitim geografskim područjima Republike Hrvatske, čime svojim izgledom i prilagodljivošću odražavaju te uvjete. U ovom istraživanju korišten je Illumina Bovine HD BeadChip (777 K) te ukupno 674 goveda raspodijeljena u 25 pasmina. Ključne informacije koje SNP-ovi sadrže korištene su u daljnjim analizama genetske raznolikosti i strukture populacija. Cilj rada bio je identificirati genetsku introgresiju unutar hrvatskih pasmina. Uočeno je izdvajanje slavonsko-srijemskog podolca kao zasebne pasmine već u samim počecima analiza. Buša i istarsko govedo često su se grupirali zajedno tijekom analiza glavnih komponenti i neighbor-net mreža. Analize strukture populacija ukazuju na visoke razine primjese (engl. admixture) unutar pasmine buše, dok su nešto manje razine zabilježene unutar istarskog goveda. Slavonsko-srijemski podolac u analizama strukture populacije ponovno se izdvaja od svih ostalih pasmina korištenih u analizi. Analize migracije gena nisu prikazale protoke gena između hrvatskih i lokalnih pasmina, poput talijanskih i komercijanih. Rezultati ovog rada pokazuju genetsku različitost hrvatskih pasmina goveda u odnosu na ostale pasmine te potvrđuju njihov neupitan status. Za precizniju i pouzdaniju analizu potrebno je povećati uzorak i uključiti dodatne metode identifikacije introgresije.

Abstract (english)

Croatian cattle breeds are deeply rooted in the agricultural history of Croatia. Today, they are not involved in production due to the introduction of imported commercial breeds. However, Croatian cattle breeds possess resistance genes that are the result of local adaptations, which justifies the need for their conservation. These breeds have developed and adapted to various geographical regions of the Republic of Croatia, reflecting those conditions in their appearance and adaptability. In this research, the Illumina Bovine HD BeadChip (777 K) was used, and a total of 674 cattle were divided into 25 breeds. The key information contained in these SNPs was used in further analyses of genetic diversity and population structure. The aim of the study was to identify the genetic introgression within Croatian cattle breeds. The Slavonian-Syrmian Podolian was identified as a separate breed early in the analysis. Buša and the Istrian cattle frequently grouped together in principal component analyses and neighbor-net networks. Population structure analyses indicate high levels of admixture within the Buša breed, while somewhat lower levels were observed within the Istrian cattle. The Slavonian-Syrmian Podolian again stood out as distinct from all other breeds in the structure analyses. Analyzes of gene migration did not show gene flows between Croatian and local breeds, like Italian and commercial breeds. The results of this study highlight the genetic distinctiveness of Croatian cattle breeds compared to other breeds, confirming their unquestionable status. For more precise and reliable analysis, it is necessary to increase the sample size and include additional methods for identifying introgression.

• Keywords: hrvatske pasmine goveda; SNP; introgresija; genetska varijabilnost
• Keywords (english): Croatian cattle breeds; SNP; introgression; genetic variabililty
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:641138
• Study programme: Title: Animal Genetics and Breeding; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka genetike i oplemenjivanja životinja (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka genetike i oplemenjivanja životinja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-08-23 11:08:43