Budućnost uporabe ozona u poljoprivredi

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Title (english): Future of ozone application in agriculture
• Author: Helena Virić Gašparić
• Author: Darija Lemić
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract (croatian)

Uporaba sredstava za zaštitu bilja osigurava učinkovitu zaštitu poljoprivrednih usjeva uz kvalitetan i visok prinos. Negativni utjecaji sredstava za zaštitu bilja ponajprije se ogledaju u pojavi rezistentnosti štetnih organizama, ostatcima pesticida u okolišu te gubitku biološke raznolikosti. Potreba za uvođenjem alternativnih metoda suzbijanja štetnika, koje su istovremeno učinkovite i sigurne za proizvođače, potrošače i okoliš, sve je više naglašena. Moguće alternativno sredstvo u zaštiti bilja je i primjena ozona (O3). Ozon je plin koji se prirodno nalazi u stratosferi Zemlje, a vrlo se jednostavno umjetno proizvodi električnim pražnjenjem. Odavno su poznata njegova dezinfekcijska svojstva i primjena u zdravstvu i prehrambenoj industriji. U zadnjih 20-ak godina istražuje se i mogućnost njegove primjene u poljoprivredi, posebno u zaštiti od štetnih organizama. U radu je prikazan pregled dosadašnjih spoznaja o učinkovitosti ozona na štetne kukce te pojedinosti pokusa provedenih u Hrvatskoj i svijetu. Osim visoke učinkovitosti na sve vrste štetnih organizama (kukci, grinje, bolesti) u zatvorenim prostorima (skladišta, silosi), tretmani ozonom nameću se kao potencijalno rješenje za učinkovito suzbijanje štetnika i na otvorenim prostorima (voćnjaci, vinogradi, i sl.). Ozon u količinama većima od 2 ppm učinkovito suzbija bakterije, viruse, gljive i brojne kukce. Ne pokazuje toksičnost za okoliš jer se u normalnim uvjetima raspada na kisik u roku od samo 30 minuta, ne ostavlja rezidue i nisu zabilježeni štetni utjecaji za zdravlje čovjeka. Primjena ozona alternativa je tradicionalnim insekticidima i fungicidima kao biofumigant protiv niza štetnika, mikroorganizama i mikotoksina, i svakako je metoda koja ima budućnost u zaštiti bilja.

Abstract (english)

The use of plant protection products ensures effective protection of agricultural crops with quality and high yields. The negative effects of plant protection products are primarily reflected in the occurrence of resistance, pesticide residues in the environment and loss of biodiversity. The need to introduce alternative pest control methods that are both effective and safe for producers, consumers and the environment is increasingly emphasized. A possible alternative in plant protection is the use of ozone (O3). Ozone is a gas that is naturally found in the Earth's stratosphere, and is very simply artificially produced by electrical discharge. Its disinfectant properties and applications in the healthcare and food industries have long been known. In the last 20 years, the possibility of its application in agriculture, primarily in protection against harmful organisms, has been investigated. The paper presents an overview of current knowledge on the effectiveness of ozone on harmful insects and details of experiments conducted in Croatia and abroad. In addition to high efficiency indoors (warehouses, silos) on all types of harmful organisms (insects, mites, diseases), ozone treatments are imposed as a potential solution for effective pest control in open spaces (orchards, vineyards, etc.). Ozone in amounts greater than 2 ppm effectively suppresses bacteria, viruses, fungi and numerous insects It does not show environmental toxicity, it decomposes under normal conditions into oxygen within only 30 minutes, leaves no residues and no adverse effects on human health. The application of ozone is an alternative to traditional insecticides and fungicides as a biofumigant against a number of pests, microorganisms and mycotoxins and is certainly a method that has a future in plant protection.

• Keywords (croatian): ozonirana voda, plin, silos, staklenik, vinograd, voćnjak
• Keywords (english): ozonized water, gas, silo, greenhouse, vineyard, orchard
• Language: croatian
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review - domestic
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Glasilo biljne zaštite
• Numbering: vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 571-583
• p-ISSN: 1332-9545
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:287737
• Publication: 2020
• Document URL: https://hrcak.srce.hr/246957
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-03-12 08:19:08