Utjecaj domaćina na morfološke karakteristike krila mediteranske voćne muhe Ceratitis capitata

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of the host on the morphological characteristics of the wings of the mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata
• Author: Pave Ninčević
• Mentor: Darija Lemić (mentor)
• Committee member: Darija Lemić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Bažok (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Pajač Živković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Plant Pathology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-06-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Mediteranska voćna muha (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann) invazivan je štetnik. U
Hrvatskoj je muha proširena duž cijele obale Jadrana, a sporadično se bilježi i na kontinentu.
Najveće štete i ekonomske gubitke uzrokuje na plodovima mandarine, a može značajno
oštetiti plodove breskve i smokve. Hipoteza ovoga rada je bila da različiti biljni domaćini u
kojima se razvija mediteranska voćna muha uzrokuju fenotipsku varijabilnost štetnika koja je
ključna u širenju štetnika na nova područja te u prilagodbi na različite agroekološke uvjete.
Glavni cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi varijabilnost mediteranske voćne muhe obzirom na
različite biljne domaćine (breskva, smokva i mandarina) i lokalitete (uzgojne lokacije) na
kojima se muha razvijala. Varijabilnost populacija istražena je pomoću metoda geometrijske i
tradicionalne morfometrije te je izračunat i analiziran „Aspect ratio“ (AR) istraživanih
populacija. Kroz postavljanje 14 specifičnih točaka na krila mediternanske voćne muhe te kroz
linerana mjerenja definiranih morfoloških obilježja analizirano je 10 populacija uzgojenih iz
zaraženih plodova breskve, smokve i mandarine te sterilne populacije uzgojene u laboratoriju.
Istraživanje je rezultiralo sljedećim bitnim spoznajama: spolni dimorfizam u obliku krila
prisutan je u svim istraživanim populacijama, domaćini u kojima se muha razvijala utječu na
oblik i veličinu krila te uvjetuju njenu varijabilnost, dokazana je značajna varijabilnost između
sterilnih i divljih populacija, omjer raspona krila istraživanih populacija također upućuje na
varijabilnost obzirom na različitost biljnih domaćina. Utvrđena je vrlo niska varijabilnost
između različitih agroekoloških uvjeta (različiti lokaliteti i domaćini) što upućuje na stabilnost
genotipa te visoku fenotipsku plastičnost koja je preduvjet invazivnosti i širenja mediteranske
voćne muhe na nova područja i biljne domaćine. Napredovanjem trgovine i klimatskih
promjena mediteranska voćna muha će postati još značajniji štetnik te ozbiljna prijetnja
budućoj poljoprivredi.

Abstract (english)

The Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann) is an invasive pest that is
widespread in Croatia along the entire Adriatic coast and also occurs sporadically on the
continent. It causes the greatest damage and economic losses to tangerine fruit and can also
cause significant damage to peaches and figs. The hypothesis of this work was that the
different plant hosts in which the Mediterranean fruit fly develops lead to phenotypic
variability of the pest, which is crucial for the spread of the pest to new areas and adaptation
to different agroecological conditions. The main objective of this work was to determine the
variability of the Mediterranean fruit fly in relation to different plant hosts (peach, fig, and
tangerine) and locations (breeding sites) where the fly develops. The variability of the
populations was studied using the methods of geometric and traditional morphometrics, and
the "aspect ratio - AR" of the studied populations was calculated and analyzed. By placing 14
specific points on the wings of the Mediterranean fruit fly and by linear measurements of
defined morphological characteristics, 10 populations grown from infected peach, fig and
tangerine fruit and sterile populations grown in the laboratory were analyzed. The study led
to the following important results: sexual dimorphism in the shape of wings is present in all
studied populations, the hosts in which the fly evolved influence the shape and size of the
wings and condition their variability, significant variability between sterile and wild
populations was demonstrated, the ratio of the wingspan of the studied population refers to
the variability due to the diversity of plant hosts. Very low variability between different
agroecological conditions (different locations and hosts) was detected, indicating the stability
of the genotype and high phenotypic plasticity, which is a prerequisite for the invasiveness
and spread of the Mediterranean fruit fly to new areas and plant hosts. As trade and climate
change progress, the Mediterranean fruit fly will become an even more significant pest and a
serious threat to future agriculture.

• Keywords: invazivnost; mediteranska voćna muha; tradicionalna i geometrijska morfometrija; omjer raspona krila (AR)
• Keywords (english): invasivness; medfly; traditional and geometric morphometry; aspect ratio (AR)
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:876725
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-03 07:19:51