Neonikotinoidi - od otkrića do zabrane

master's thesis

• Title (english): Neonicotinoids - from discovery to ban
• Author: Maja Klapan
• Mentor: Aleksandar Mešić (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandar Mešić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darija Lemić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dragan Bubalo (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Agricultural Zoology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Insekticidi iz skupine neonikotinoida se koriste od 1990-ih godina. Zbog visoke učinkovitosti i
širokog spektra djelovanja postali su jedni od najkorištenijih sredstava za zaštitu bilja.
Masovna primjena neonikotinoida dovela je do kontaminacije okoliša njihovim reziduima,
uključujući i poljoprivredne i nepoljoprivredne površine. Izloženost neonikotinoidima može
biti posebno pogubna za oprašivače cvjetnica, poput pčela. Zbog toga je Europska komisija
2018. godine u Europskoj uniji zabranila primjenu na otvorenom tri aktivne tvari
neonikotinoida: imidacloprid, thiamethoxam i chlotianidin, a 2020. godine i thiacloprid.
Zabrana je uzrokovala velike promjene u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnjih, kako negativne, tako i
pozitivne, a jedna od pozitivnih je uvođenje alternativnih metoda u suzbijanju štetnika.
Alternativne metode ne uspjevaju u potpunosti osigurati uspješnu zaštitu bilja. Zato je
Europska komisija dozvolila privremenu primjenu neonikotinoida na otvorenom, u zaštiti
šećerne repe 2020/21. godine.

Abstract (english)

Insecticides from the group of neonicotinoids are in use since the nineties. They’ve become one of the most used products in plant protection for their high efficiency and broad spectrum of application. Massive application resulted with the environment contaminated with residues, agricultural and non-agricultural land falling victim alike. Exposure to neonicotinoids is particulary deadly for pollinators such as bees. Because of that, in 2018, European commission banned the outdoor use of the three active substances of neonicotinoids: imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, chlotianidin, and subsequently in 2020, thiacloprid. This ban caused a lot of change in the crop production, positive as well as negative, search for the alternative methods in pest control being one for the better. Alternative methods however are failing in providing the plant protection in its entirety. That’s why European commission has allowed temporary outdoor use of neonicotinoids on sugar beet in 2020/21.

• Keywords: neonikotinoidi; pčele; zabrana; alternativne metode
• Keywords (english): neonicotinoids; bees; ban; alternative methods
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:017666
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2022-09-30 07:33:03