Povijesni razvoj otvorenih površina u hrvatskim priobalnim gradovima

master's thesis

• Title (english): Historical development of open spaces in Croatian coastal cities
• Author: Sara Frakin
• Mentor: Petra Pereković (mentor)
• Committee member: Petra Pereković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Stanko Stergaršek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ines Hrdalo (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Ornamental Plants, Landscape Architecture and Garden Art); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-06-01, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Tema rada je analiza postanka i razvoja otvorenih površina na primjerima povijesnih središta hrvatskih priobalnih gradova Zadra, Šibenika i Trogira, kojom se utvrdila njihova geneza, te strukturna i morfološka obilježja. U radu se opisao i povijesni razvoj urbanih matrica gradova, na temelju kojeg se promatrao odnos javnih otvorenih površina s izgrađenim prostorom. Istraživanje se provodilo kroz detaljan pregled povijesne literature, kartografskih prikaza i fotodokumentacije. Evaluacijom svaka od tri izabrana grada, donijeli su se zaključci o jedinstvenosti svakog od primjera zbog različitih urbanih sklopova u kojima su nastajale javne otvorene površine, kao i različitih prostornih čimbenika i povijesnih okolnosti koji su utjecali na cjelokupan razvoj povijesnih jezgri.
Otvorene javne površine još su od antičkog urbanizma bile bitne sastavnice planiranja gradova. Ulice i trgovi ispred sakralnih i komunalnih građevina kroz povijest su bili središta javnog života stanovnika zidinama opasanih gradova. Prestankom opasnosti od neprijateljskih vojski u 19. stoljeću, došlo je do formiranja novih tipova javnih otvorenih površina u obliku gradskih perivoja. Najčešće smješteni na bivšim vojnim utvrdama te na mjestima nekadašnjih zidina, perivoji su stvarani na rubovima gradova, nerijetko formirajući zeleni pojas oko starih gradskih jezgri.

Abstract (english)

The topic of the paper is an analysis of the origin and development of open areas in the examples of historical centers of Croatian coastal cities of Zadar, Šibenik and Trogir, through which their genesis, together with structural and morphological features, was ascertained. The paper also describes the historical development of urban matrices of the cities, on the basis of which the relationship of public open spaces and built space was observed. The research was conducted through a detailed review of historical literature, cartographic representations and photo documentation. Having evaluated the three selected cities, we were able to draw conclusions on the uniqueness of each of the examples due to different urban complexes in which public open spaces came into existence, as well as different spatial factors and historical circumstances that influenced the overall development of historic cores.
Open public spaces have been important components of urban planning since ancient urbanism. Throughout history, streets and squares in front of sacral and communal buildings have been centers of public life of the people that inhabited walled cities. In the 19th century, when the danger from enemy armies came to an end, new types of public open spaces arised in a form of landscape city parks. Most often located in former military fortifications and within areas of former walls, the parks were created in the outskirts of cities, often forming a green belt around old city centers.

• Keywords: javne otvorene površine; hrvatski priobalni gradovi; urbana matrica; geneza
• Keywords (english): public open areas; Croatian coastal cities; urban matrix; genesis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:771727
• Study programme: Title: Landscape Architecture; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka krajobrazne arhitekture (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka krajobrazne arhitekture)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-06-27 08:48:58