Utjecaj različitih uzgojnih uvjeta na status kalija u cikli i radiču

master's thesis

• Author: Josip Vugrinec
• Mentor: Marko Petek (mentor)
• Committee member: Marko Petek (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirjana Herak Ćustić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Fabek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Plant Nutrition); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy; Vegetable Growing

Abstract

Povrće sadrži sve neophodno potrebne mineralne soli za izmjenu tvari u organizmu ljudi. U
Hrvatskoj, proizvodnja povrća ima bogatu tradiciju, a razvijena je u različitim, uglavnom
povoljnim agroekološkim uvjetima. Radič se najčešće konzumira kao svježe povrće. Zbog
visokog sadržaja inulina, važno je povrće u prehrani dijabetičara. Cikla se uzgaja zbog
zadebljalog korijena te se smatra lijekom za anemiju ili slabokrvnost. Kalij u tlu potječe iz
primarnih minerala kao što su feldspati. Biljci postaje pristupačan nakon raspadanja minerala.
Mehanizam usvajanja kalija funkcionira normalno samo kod dovoljne količine vode i kisika u
tlu. Kalij aktivira rad enzima. Nedovoljan unos kalija u ljudski organizam hranom, rijetko
može uzrokovati njegov nedostatak. Simptomi nedostatka kalija uključuju slabost i grčenje
mišića, abnormalnosti EKG-a, umor i dr. Dnevna potreba za kalijem kod odraslih ljudi kreće
se od 2000 do 2500 mg. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi količinu kalija u uzorcima cikle i radiča.
Uzorkovano je povrće koje je proizvedeno na konvencionalni i ekološki način. Uzorci su
osušeni na 105 °C, nakon čega su usitnjeni i homogenizirani. Kalij je nakon digestije s
koncentriranom HNO3 i HClO4 u mikrovalnoj peći određen na plamenfotometru. Suha tvar je
određena gravimetrijski sušenjem do konstantne mase. Najveća količina suhe tvari u cikli
(13,44 %) utvrđena je u uzorku koji je uzgojen na ekološki način, dok je kod radiča, najveća
količina suhe tvari (7,30 %) utvrđena u uzorku koji je uzgojen na konvencionalan način.
Najveće količine kalija u svježoj tvari utvrđene su u uzorcima koji su uzgojeni na
konvencionalan način. Kod cikle, najveća vrijednost kalija iznosi 540,96 mg K 100 g-1svježe
tvari, a kod radiča 352,24 mg K 100 g-1 svježe tvari.

Abstract (english)

Vegetable contains all indispensable necessary mineral salts for metabolism in human's
organism. In Croatia, vegetable production has a rich tradition and it is developed in different,
mostly favourable agroecological conditions. Chicory is usually consumed as fresh vegetable.
Because of a high content of inulin, it is important vegetable in diabetic nutrition. Beetroot is
grown because of thickened root and it is considered as a medicine for anemia. Potassium in
soil originates from primary minerals such as feldspars. It becomes available to a plant after
mineral decomposition. Mechanism of potassium uptake normally works only with the
enough amount of water and oxgyen in the soil. Potassium activates enzymes. Insufficient
entry of potassium into human's organism by food can rarely cause its deficiency. Symptoms
of potassium lack include weakness and muscles convulsion, EKG abnormalities, fatigue and
other. Daily need for potassium among adults is from 2000 to 2500 mg. The aim of this paper
was to determine the potassium content in samples of beetroot and chicory. Sampled
vegetables are produced in a conventional and organic way. Samples are dried on 105 °C and
after that crushed and homogenised. Potassium is after the digestion with concentrated HNO3
and HClO4 in microwave owen, determined on a flamephotometer. Dry matter is determined
by gravimetry, drying until the constant mass. The highest dry matter content in beetroot
(13,44%) was determined in a sample grown in an ecological way, while the highest dry
matter content in chicory (7,30%) was deterined in a sample grown in a conventional way.
The highest potassium content in fresh matter was determined in samples grown in a
conventional way. In beetroot, the highest potassium content was 540,96 mg K 100 g-1 fresh
matter, and in chicory 352,24 mg K 100 g-1 fresh matter.

• Keywords: dnevna potreba; minerali; povrće
• Keywords (english): daily need; minerals; vegetables
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:656104
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologija)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2016-07-29 11:21:22