Erozijski gubitci fosfora na zatravljenom i nezatravljenom tlu vinograda putem kišnih simulacija

master's thesis

• Title (english): Soil erosion and phosphorus losses on grass-covered and bare vineyard soil under a rainfall simulation experiments
• Author: Tea Čvorišćec
• Mentor: Igor Bogunović (mentor)
• Committee member: Igor Bogunović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vilim Filipović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Kisić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (General Agronomy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Erozija tla vodom smanjuje plodnost tla i povećava kontaminaciju voda. Cilj ovog rada je usporediti dva načina gospodarenja u vinogradima u svrhu određivanja veličine degradacije tla. Hipoteza je da zatravljeni vinograd ima bolju strukturu tla i manje erozijsko otjecanje i gubitak fosfora. Cilj je odrediti agrotehničke mjere koje smanjuju degradaciju tla i gubitak hranjiva na nagnutim zemljištima. Korištene su kišne simulacije (intenzitet 60 mm/sat) radi određivanja razmjera erozijskog odnošenja u vinogradima (obrađeni, zatravljeni) u blizini Orahovice, ali i potencijalnog onečišćenja erodiranim fosforom. Određena su fizikalna svojstva tla te gubitak sedimenta i sadržaj fosfora. Rezultati su pokazali kako je volumna gustoća bila značajno veća na zatravljenom tretmanu, dok je kapacitet tla za vodu (Pkv) bio značajno manji. Što se tiče vlage tla (Trv), nije pronađena značajna razlika između tretmana. Srednja veličina strukturnih agregata (SVSA), postotak stabilnih agregata (UVSA) i organska tvar su (OT) imale više vrijednosti na zatravljenom tretmanu u odnosu na obrađeni. Vrijeme do stvaranja lokvi (ts), gubitak sedimenata i fosfora je bilo značajno veće na zatravljenom tretmanu. Korelacija između varijabli je ukazala da u oba tretmana (zatravljeni i obrađeni) postoji potpuna negativna korelacija između infiltracije (Iv) i površinskog otjecanja (Ov), te da su gubitak sedimenta i gubitak fosora u vrlo jakoj korelaciji. Rezultati ovog istraživanja su potvrdili hipotezu da zatravljena površina u vinogradu poboljšava strukturu tla i smanjuje erozijsko otjecanje i gubitak fosfora.

Abstract (english)

Soil erosion by water reduces soil fertility and increases water contamination. The aim of this work is to compare two soil management in vineyards in order to determine the size of soil degradation. The hypothesis is that the grassed vineyard has a better soil structure and less erosion runoff and loss of phosphorus. The aim is to determine agrotechnical measures that reduce soil degradation and loss of nutrients on inclined lands. Rainfall simulation experiments (intensity 60 mm/hour) were used to determine the extent of erosion in vineyards (tilled, grass-covered) near Orahovica, but also potential pollution by eroded phosphorus. Physical properties of the soil and sediment loss and phosphorus content have been determined. The results showed that the bulk density was significantly higher on the grass-covered treatment, while the soil water capacity (Pkv) was significantly lower. As for soil moisture (Trv), no significant difference was found between treatments. The mean weight diameter (SVSA), the percentage of water stable aggregates (UVSA) and organic matter (OT) had higher values on the grass-covered treatment than at the tilled treatment. The time to ponding (ts), the loss of sediments and phosphorus was significantly greater on the grass-covered treatment. The correlation between variables indicated that in both treatments (grass-covered and tilled) there was a complete negative correlation between infiltration (Iv) and runoff (Ov), and that sediment loss and phosphorus loss were very strong correlated. The results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that the grass-covered vineyard management improves the soil structure and reduces runoff, erosion and phosphorus loss.

• Keywords: Kišna simulacija; erozija tla; gubitak sedimenta; gubitak fosfora; površinsko otjecanje
• Keywords (english): rainfall simulation experiment; soil erosion; sediment loss; phosphorus loss
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:889897
• Study programme: Title: Agroecology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka agroekologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-10-29 11:51:20