Učinak kombinacija topramezona i adjuvanata na vrste Abuthilon theophrasti Med., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. i Amaranthus retroflexus L. u kukuruzu

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Efficacy of combinations of topramezone and adjuvants on Abuthilon theophrasti Med., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. in maize
• Author: Matija Goršić
• Mentor: Zvonimir Ostojić (mentor)
• Committee member: Klara Barić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zlatko Svečnjak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zvonko Pacanoski https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-7761 (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2012-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 631/632 - Agriculture. Plant diseases. Plant protection

Abstract

Suzbijanje korova u kukuruzu herbicidima redovita je mjera u tehnologiji proizvodnje kukuruza. Posljednjih godina sve značajnija je primjena herbicida nakon nicanja kukuruza i korova (post-emergence). Herbicidima koji imaju primjenu nakon nicanja kukuruza i korova dodaju se adjuvanti, odnosno sredstva koja poboljšavaju učinak herbicida na korove. Adjuvanti se dodaju herbicidima kako bi proširili spektar djelovanja herbicida ili smanjili dozaciju herbicida uz isti učinak na korove. Na pokusima postavljenim u poljskim i kontroliranim uvjetima istraživan je učinak herbicida topramezona u preporučenim i reduciranim dozacijama u kombinaciji s adjuvantima COC, MSO, NIS, UAN, AMS, COC+UAN, COC+AMS, MSO+UAN, MSO+AMS, NIS+UAN i NIS+AMS. U poljskim uvjetima utvrđena je značajno bolja redukcija broja i mase uskolisnih korova kod primjene reducirane doze (66 % preporučene) topramezona u kombinaciji s adjuvantima COC+UAN, COC+AMS, MSO+UAN, MSO+AMS, NIS+UAN i NIS+AMS u usporedbi s punom dozom bez adjuvanata. Istraživanjem osjetljivosti korovnih vrsta Abutilon theophrasti Med., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. i Amaranthus retroflexus L. na doze topramezona u kombinaciji s adjuvantima utvrđena je različita osjetljivost navedenih vrsta. Ambrosia artemisiifolia je vrlo osjetljiva vrsta na herbicid topramezon te je i bez dodatka adjuvanata doza potrebna za redukciju 90 % svježe nadzemne mase (GR90) iznosila 2,79 g d.t. ha-1 topramezona. Abutilon theophrasti i Amaranthus retroflexus su umjereno osjetljive vrste na topramezon. Dodatak adjuvanata škropivu značajno je smanjio GR90 vrijednost za Abutilon theophrasti, od dvostruko za kombinaciju s COC-om do petnaest puta za kombinaciju MSO+AMS. Adjuvanti su reducirali GR90 vrijednost topramezona na masu svježe mase vrste Amaranthus retroflexus od 18,5 do 490 puta.

Abstract (english)

Weed control with herbicides is a regular measure of the production technology of maize. In recent years the application of herbicides after emergence of maize and weeds (post-emergence) is getting more and more important. Herbicides which are applied after emergence of maize and weeds are often applied in tank mix with adjuvants, agents which enhance the effect of herbicides on weeds. Adjuvants are added to herbicides to broaden the spectrum of activity of herbicides or to reduce the dose rate of herbicides and keep the same effect on weeds. The experiments which were set in the field and controlled conditions investigated the effect of the herbicide topramezone at recommended and reduced rates and in combination with adjuvants COC, MSO, NIS, UAN, AMS, COC + UAN, AMS + COC, MSO + UAN, MSO + AMS, NIS + UAN and NIS + AMS. In field conditions, significantly better reduction of the number and fresh weight of the weeds was determined when reduced dose rates (66% recommended) of topramezone in combination with adjuvants COC + UAN, AMS + COC, MSO + UAN, MSO + AMS, NIS + NIS + UAN and AMS were used in comparison to the full dose rate without adjuvant. Study of the sensitivity of weed species Abutilon theophrasti Med., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Amaranthus retroflexus L. to topramezone doses in combination with various adjuvants was determined by the sensitivity of these species. Ambrosia artemisiifolia is very sensitive to herbicide topramezone even without addition of adjuvants and dose required to reduce 90% of aboveground fresh weight (GR90) was 2.79 g a.i. ha-1 of topramezone. Abutilon theophrasti and Amaranthus retroflexus were moderately sensitive to topramezone. When adjuvant was added to tank mix, the value of GR90 for Abutilon theophrasti was significantly reduced. The GR90 value was more than double reduced when topramezone was in combination with the COC to up to fifteen-fold lower in the combination of MSO+AMS. Adjuvants have reduced the value of GR90 of herbicide topramezone on aboveground fresh weight on Amaranthus retroflexus from 18,5 to 490-fold.

• Keywords: topramezon; adjuvanti; dušična gnojiva; korovi; kukuruz; Abutilon theophrasti Med. – europski mračnjak; Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. – limundžik; Amaranthus retroflexus L. – šćir; GR90
• Keywords (english): topramezone; adjuvants; nitrogen fertilizers; weed; corn; Abutilon theophrasti Med. – velvetleaf; Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. – common ragweed; Amaranthus retroflexus L. – redroot pigweed; GR90
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:008719
• Study programme: Title: Agricultural Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje poljoprivreda (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biotehničkih znanosti, polje poljoprivreda)
• Catalog URL: http://161.53.95.232/cgi-bin/wero.cgi?q=580496013331
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-06-15 08:14:39