Utvrđivanje repine cistolike nematode (Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871.) u uzorcima tla iz lokaliteta Tovarnik

master's thesis

• Title (english): Identification of species (Heterodera schachtii Schmidt, 1871.) in soil samples from the locality of Tovarnik
• Author: Katarina Dubičanac
• Mentor: Dinka Grubišić (mentor)
• Committee member: Dinka Grubišić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Bažok (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Pospišil (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Agricultural Zoology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-05-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Šećerna repa je industrijska biljka koja se uzgaja za proizvodnju šećera, zbog visoke koncentracije saharoze u njezinom zadebljanom korijenu. Šećernu repu parazitira više od 200 štetnika, a među njima je i dvadesetak biljnoparazitskih nematoda. Vrsta Heterodera schachtii Schmidt 1871. je najvažnija i najštetnija od svih nematoda koje parazitiraju na šećernoj repi. Uslijed parazitacije korijen postaje izdužen, javlja se bradatost, dok se u polju često pojavljuju grupe oboljelih biljaka na pojedinim područjima „plješine“. Prinosi šećerne repe nakon napada repine cistolike nematode mogu biti umanjeni i do 60%. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je utvrditi prisutnost repine cistolike nematode u uzorcima tla prikupljenima 2013.g. na repištima s lokaliteta Tovarnik. Ujedno, cilj je bio i utvrditi intenzitet zaraze i visinu populacije kako bi se mogle preporučiti prikladne mjere suzbijanjana uzorkovanim repištima. Iz osušenih uzoraka tla metodom flotacije i Spearsovim flotacionim uređajem izdvojene su ciste repine nematode. Intenzitet zaraze i visina populacije određeni su prema brojnosti cista te potom utvrđivanjem njihove vitalnosti, brojanjem vitalnih jaja i ličinki. Prisutnost repine cistolike nematode utvrđena je u svih pet analiziranih uzoraka tla, a prosječan broj cista iznosio je 23 ciste/100 ml tla. Prosječna vitalnost cista iznosila je 4,96 jaja i ličinki/g tla čime je dosegnut ekonomski prag štetnosti. Zbog relativno visoke zaraze tog štetnika na uzorkovanoj površini na istoj je potrebno provoditi barem šestogodišnji plodored, suzbijanje korova domaćina i sjetvu tolerantnih sorata šećerne repe.

Abstract (english)

Sugar beet is an industrial plant that is grown for production of sugar, because of the high concentration saccharide in its thickened roots. Sugar beet is parasitized by over a hundred pests, among them the twenty plant parasitic nematodes. Species Heterodera schachtii Schmidt1871is the most important and most damaging of all nematodes parasites on sugar beet. As a result of its parasitize, root becomes elongated, appears beard growth and a group of diseased plants in certain areas so called “patches”. Sugar beet yield after the sugar beet nematode attack can be reduced up to 60%. The goal of this graduation thesis is to determine the presence of sugar beet nematodes in the soil samples collected in 2013, on the fields of sugar beet at regionthe location of Tovarnik. At the same time, the aim was also to determine the intensity of infection and the population height on the sampled fields in order to recommend appropriate control measures. Sugar beet cyst nematodes were extracted from dried soil samples with flotation method and flotation Spears device. The intensity of infection and height of the population was determined by the numerous of population of cysts and the vitality was determinated by counting viable eggs and larvae. The presence of sugar beet nematode was found in all of five analysed soil samples, while the average number of cysts was 23 cysts/100 ml soil. The average vitality of cyst was 4.96 eggs and larvae/ g soil, which exceeded economic threshold. Because of the relatively high infestation of this pest on the sampled field, it is necessary to implement at least a six-year crop rotation, weedhost control and sowing oftolerant sugar beet varieties.

• Keywords: Heterodera schachtii; mjere suzbijanja; repina cistolika nematoda; utvrđivanje zaraze
• Keywords (english): control measures; determination of infestation; Heterodera schachtii; sugar beet cyst nematode
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:132301
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2016-06-29 07:53:17