Title Utjecaj oprašivača na prinos lubenice Title (english) The impact of pollinators on the watermelon yield Author Karla Lovasić Mentor Tanja Gotlin Čuljak (mentor)Committee member Tanja Gotlin Čuljak (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Ivan Juran (član povjerenstva)Committee member Sanja Fabek Uher (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2018-09-26, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Abstract Čovjekove intenzivne djelatnosti uzrokovale su brojne promjene u prirodi, među kojima i narušenost bioraznolikosti i pad brojnosti oprašivača koji posljedično dovode do problema u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji i ekonomskih gubitaka. Proizvodnja kultura čiji prinos uvelike ovisi o oprašivanju kukcima, poput lubenice, postaje sve zahtjevnija. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi brojnost i vrste oprašivača na cvjetnim pojasevima integriranima u usjev lubenice, usporediti broj prisutnih oprašivača na cvjetnim pojasevima s brojem oprašivača prisutnih u dijelu usjeva lubenice bez cvjetnog pojasa te utvrditi utjecaj oprašivača na prinos lubenice. Cvjetni pojas posijan je na lokalitetu Tovarnik. Unutar cvjetnog pojasa i dijela usjeva lubenice bez cvjetnog pojasa određena su tri područja površine 3x3 m koja su fotografirana te je napravljena procjena cvatućih biljaka prema porodicama: Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, te ostalo zasijano i samoniklo cvijeće. Postotak cvijeća unutar navedenih grupa bilježen je prema zadanoj skali. Praćene su četiri grupe oprašivača (na dijelu usjeva lubenice sa cvjetnim pojasom i dijelu usjeva lubenice bez cvjetnog pojasa) na sljedeći način: unutar cvjetnog pojasa izabrana je traka dužine >50 m, zatim se na njoj 4 min promatrala zamišljena površina veličine 3x3 m, bez promjene položaja. Bilježen je broj prisutne faune u tri ponavljanja. Očitavanja su se obavljala dva puta mjesečno u razdoblju od lipnja do kolovoza. Tijekom očitavanja uzorkovanjem 4 biljke u 4 ponavljanja u prva 4 reda na dijelu usjeva sa i bez cvjetnog pojasa bilježen je broj i masa plodova lubenice po biljci. Zabilježen je veći prosječan broj i veća prosječna masa plodova lubenice po biljci na dijelu usjeva sa cvjetnim pojasom u odnosu na dio usjeva bez cvjetnog pojasa. Cvjetni pojasevi imaju pozitivan učinak na raznolikost oprašivača i na prinos lubenice te se stoga smatraju dobrom agro-okolišnom mjerom.
Abstract (english) Human intensive activities have caused a number of changes in nature, including biodiversity deterioration and the decline of pollinator numbers, which consequently lead to problems in agricultural production and also cause economic losses. The production of cultures whose yield largely depends on the pollination of insects, such as watermelon, becomes increasingly demanding. The aim of the research was to determine the number and types of pollinators on flower belts integrated in the watermelon field, to compare the number of pollinators present on floral belts with the number of pollinators present in the natural agro-soil and to determine the influence of the pollinators on the watermelon yield. The floral belt was located at the Tovarnik site. Inside the floral belt and the part of the crop without the floral belt, three areas of 3x3m were determined and were photographed. An estimate of the flowering for families Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, and other sown and wild flowers was recorded. The percentage of flowers within the mentioned groups was recorded according to the given scale. Four groups of pollinators (on the part of the crop with the floral belt and on the part of the crop without the floral belt) were monitored as follows: inside the floral belt a strip of > 50 m length was chosen, then the surface of 3x3 m was observed for 4 minutes without change of position. The number of present fauna was recorded in three repetitions. Reading was done twice a month in the period from June to August. During the sampling of 4 plants in 4 replicates in the first 4 rows on the part of the crop with and without the flower belt the number and weight of the fruit of the watermelon per plant were recorded. There is a higher average number and a higher average mass of watermelon per plant on the part of the crop with the floral belt compared to the part of the crop without floral belt. Flower belts have a positive effect on the diversity of pollinators and on the yield of watermelons and are therefore considered as good agro-environmental measures.
Keywords
oprašivači
cvjetni pojas
bioraznolikost
Citrullus lanatus
Keywords (english)
pollinators
flower belt
biodiversity
Citrullus lanatus
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:204:796982 Study programme Title: Phytomedicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2018-10-03 06:30:30
