Utjecaj sorte i faze rasta vinove loze na uspješnost postavljanja kulture meristema in vitro

master's thesis

• Title (english): Influence of variety and growth phase of grapevine on the success of in vitro meristem culture
• Author: Anđela Zrilić
• Mentor: Zvjezdana Marković (mentor)
• Committee member: Zvjezdana Marković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasminka Karoglan-Kontić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darko Preiner (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Viticulture and Enology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-01-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Vinova loza predstavlja značajnu kulturu u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji u Republici Hrvatskoj. Najveća zapreka revitalizaciji autohtonog sortimenta je nedostatak certificiranog, zdravog sadnog materijala. Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazala su da je u populaciji hrvatskih autohtonih sorata visok stupanj zaraženosti gospodarski štetnim virusima, pa je kod nekih sorata nužno provođenje ozdravljivanja od virusa. Kultura meristema je uspješna metoda ozdravljivanja od virusa.
Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj sorte i faze rasta vinove loze u kojoj je uzet biljni materijal, na rast i razvoj kulture meristema in vitro.
Istraživanje je provedeno na 18 autohtonih sorata, kojima je prethodno utvrđena virusna zaraza. Biljni materijal uzorkovan je u dva perioda, prije i nakon cvatnje vinove loze. Biljni eksplantati veličine 1 mm uvedeni su u kulturu te je praćeno njihovo preživljavanje, regeneracija i zakorjenjivanje.
Rezultati su pokazali da sorta ima značajan utjecaj na uspješnost in vitro kulture. Najveći udio preživjelih kultura, regeneriranih i zakorijenjenih biljaka utvrđen je kod 'Plavca malog sivog'. Potvrđen je utjecaj faze rasta u kojoj se uzorkuje biljni materijal na uspjeh in vitro kulture, pri čemu je bolji uspjeh postignut u periodu nakon cvatnje. Interakcija sorte i perioda uzorkovanja utjecala je značajno na preživljavanje kultura, a interakcija perioda uzorkovanja i sanitarnog statusa značajno je utjecala na regeneraciju i zakorjenjivanje biljaka. Eliminacija virusa GLRaV-1 i GLRaV-3 uspješno je provedena na sorti 'Malvasija dubrovačka', a eliminacija GLRaV-3 na sorti 'Glavinuša'.

Abstract (english)

Grapevine represents a significant crop in agricultural production in the Republic of Croatia. The biggest obstacle to the revitalization of the indigenous assortment is the lack of certified, healthy plant material. Previous researches have shown that in the population of Croatian indigenous cultivars there is a high degree of infection with economically harmful viruses, so it is necessary to carry out the elimination of the viruses in some cultivars. Meristem tip culture is a successful method of virus elimination.
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the variety and growth phase of the grapevine in which the plant material was taken, on the growth and development of meristem tip culture in vitro.
The research was conducted on 18 autochthonous cultivars, which were previously diagnosed with a viral infection. Plant material was sampled in two periods, before and after flowering of the grapevine. 1 mm plant explants were placed into the culture and their survival, regeneration and rooting were monitored.
The results showed that the variety has a significant impact on the success of in vitro culture. The greatest percentage of surviving explants, regenerated and rooted plants was found in 'Plavac mali sivi'. The influence of the growth phase in which the plant material is sampled on the success of in vitro culture was confirmed, with higher success being achieved in the post-flowering period. The interaction of variety and sampling period significantly affected explants survival, and the interaction of sampling period and sanitary status significantly affected plant regeneration and rooting. Elimination of GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 viruses was successfully performed on the cultivar 'Malvasija dubrovačka', and elimination of GLRaV-3 on the cultivar 'Glavinuša'.

• Keywords: vinova loza; kultura meristema; in vitro; eliminacija virusa
• Keywords (english): grapevine; meristem culture; in vitro; elimination of viruses
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:710428
• Study programme: Title: Horticulture; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka hortikulture)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to authenticated users
• Created on: 2021-02-23 08:26:45