Učinak novih insekticida za tretiranje sjemena na žičnjake

master's thesis

• Title (english): The efficacy of novel insecticides seed treatments on wireworms
• Author: Ivana Figurić
• Mentor: Maja Čačija (mentor)
• Committee member: Maja Čačija (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Bažok (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Vinceković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Agriculture; (Department of Agricultural Zoology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES; Agronomy

Abstract

Žičnjake u šećernoj repi i kukuruzu suzbijamo sjetvom sjemena tretiranog insekticidima, čime se postiže zadovoljavajuća zaštita u uvjetima niske zaraze. Za tretiranje sjemena do sada su se koristili insekticidi iz skupine neonikotinoida, ali zbog poznatih problema vezanih na negativan utjecaj na pčele od 2018. nastupila je zabrana njihove upotrebe i za ovu namjenu. Zato je iznimno važno utvrditi učinkovitost drugih djelatnih tvari koje bi mogle poslužiti kao prikladna zamjena neonikotinoidima. Cilj rada bio je istražiti učinkovitost djelatnih tvari klorantraniliprola, spinosada i azadiraktina na žičnjake tretiranjem sjemena, te procijeniti mogućnost njihova korištenja kao zamjene za insekticide iz skupine neonikotinoida. Sjeme šećerne repe i kukuruza tretirano je insekticidima u tri doze i posijano u teglice. Deset dana nakon postavljanja žičnjaka u teglice, obavljeno je očitavanje živih i mrtvih jedinki. Od ekološki prihvatljivih insekticida, najbolju učinkovitost na šećernoj repi postigao je klorantraniliprol, dok je učinkovitost azadiraktina bila slabija, ali i dalje zadovoljavajuća i u rangu učinkovitosti standardnog insekticida tiametoksama. Djelatna tvar spinosad nije pokazala zadovoljavajući učinak. U pokusu sa žičnjacima na kukuruzu, najbolju učinkovitost postigao je spinosad, dok klorantraniliprol i azadiraktin nisu pokazali zadovoljavajuće djelovanje na žičnjake. Istraživane djelatne tvari dobri su kandidati za zamjenu insekticida iz skupine neonikotinoida, ali je potrebno još mnogo istraživanja da bi se uveli u svakodnevnu primjenu kao učinkoviti insekticidi u suzbijanju žičnjaka.

Abstract (english)

Wireworms in sugar beet and corn are suppressed by sowing insecticide treated seeds, which provides satisfacory protection in low infection conditions. Until now, insecticides from the neonicotinoid group have been used to treat the seeds, but due to known problems related to the negative impact on bees, since 2018. their use has been prohibited for this purpose. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the efficacy of other active substances that could serve as an adequate substititution for neonicotinoides. The aim of thesis was to investigate the effectiveness of insecticides containing active substances chlorantraniliprole, spinosad and azadirachtin on wireworms by seed treatment and evaluate their use as a replacement for neonicotioid insecticides. Sugar beet and corn seeds were treated with insecticides in three doses and sown in jars. After 10 days, wireworms were placed in the jars, live and dead individuals were read. Among all ecologically acceptable insecticides, chlorantraniliprole achieved the best efficacy on sugar beet, while azadirachtin was less effective but still gave satisfactory results in the range of standard insecticide efficacy. The active substance spinosad did not show a satisfactory effect. In the experiment with wireworms on corn, spinosad achieved the highest efficacy, while chlorantraniliprole and azadirachtin did not show satisfactory effect. Explored active substances are good candidates for replacement of neonicotinoid insecitides, but it is necessary to conduct more researches in order to introduce them as successful substances in pest control and to bring them in everyday use.

• Keywords: kukuruz; neonikotinoidi; šećerna repa; tretiranje sjemena; žičnjaci
• Keywords (english): corn; neonicotioides; seed treatment; sugar beet; wireworms
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:204:934355
• Study programme: Title: Phytomedicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine (magistar/ magistra inženjer/inženjerka fitomedicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2019-12-03 09:00:12