| Abstract | Cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi koncentracije teških metala u tri komercijalne vrste gljiva: plemenita pečurka (Agaricus bisporus), bukovača (Pleurotus ostreatus) i shiitake (Lentinus edodes) uzgojene u Hrvatskoj te izračunati procjenu unosa toksičnih metala i doprinos u odnosu na toksikološke vrijednosti. Uzorkovanjem je obuhvaćeno 15 uzorka od svake vrste slučajnim odabirom. Analitički postupak za određivanje koncentracije teških metala je proveden na optičkom emisijskom spektrometru s induktivno spregnutom plazmom - ICP-OES, dok je koncentracija žive određivana na živinom analizatoru AMA-254, direktnim spaljivanjem uzoraka u atmosferi bogatoj kisikom. Statistička obrada rezultata je provedena primjenom softverskog paketa SAS V9. Metali su ustanovljeni u rasponima (mg kg-1): Fe 15,31 – 47,27; Zn 29,65 – 58,22; Cu 0,47 – 11,00; (μg kg-1): Hg 0,91 – 3,11; P 2,94 – 31,21; Cd 56,33 – 177,40; As 36,30 – 185,63. Najviša prosječna koncentracija željeza (40,04 mg kg-1), cinka (53,64 mg kg-1), bakra (7,06 mg kg-1) i žive (2,27 μg kg-1) utvrđena je u vrsti Agaricus bisporus. Značajno najveća (p<0,05) prosječna koncentracija olova (21,17 μg kg-1) i arsena (143,20 μg kg-1) utvrđena je u vrsti Pleurotus ostreatus, dok je značajno najveća (p<0,05) prosječna koncentracija kadmija od 133,67 μg kg-1 ustanovljena u vrsti Lentinus edodes. Najveći doprinos prema PTWI – privremeni podnošljivi tjedni unos utvrđen je za kadmij u iznosu od 19,12 % u vrste Lentinus edodes. Navedena vrijednost kao ni ostale utvrđene ovim istraživanjem ne predstavljaju toksikološki rizik u slučaju većeg tjednog konzumiranja analiziranih vrsta gljiva. |
| Abstract (english) | The aim of this paper was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in three commercial species of mushrooms: noble bacon (Agaricus bisporus), beech (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes) in Croatia and calculate the estimation of toxic metal inputs and contribution to toxicological values. Sampling included 15 samples of each type by random selection. The analytical procedure for determination of heavy metal concentrations was carried out on an optical emission spectrophotometer with inductively coupled plasma - ICP-OES, while the mercury concentration was determined on the mercury analyzer AMA-254 by direct combustion of samples in a rich oxygen atmosphere. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using the software package SAS V9. Metals are established in ranges (mg kg-1): Fe 15.31 - 47.27; Zn 29.65-58.22; Cu 0.47-11.00; (μg kg-1): Hg 0.91-3.11; P, 2.94 - 31.21; Cd 56.33 - 177.40; As 36,30 - 185,63. The highest average concentration of iron (40.04 mg kg-1), zinc (53.64 mg kg-1), copper (7.06 mg kg-1) and mercury (2.27 μg kg-1) was determined in Agaricus bisporus. Significantly (p <0.05) higher average lead concentration (21.17 μg kg-1) and arsenic (143.20 μg kg-1) was determined in the Pleurotus ostreatus species, while significantly higher (p <0.05) average cadmium concentration of 133.67 μg kg-1 established in Lentinus edodes. The largest contribution to PTWI - temporary tolerable weekly input was determined for cadmium in the amount of 19.12% in Lentinus edodes. The stated value as well as the other established by this study does not represent a toxicological risk in case of a larger weekly consumption of the analyzed mushroom species. |
